Med Term final

Adenoid/o

Lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx.

• also called pharyngeal tonsil

Tonsill/o

Lymphatic tissue in the oropharynx

Nas/o, Rhin/o

Nose

3 sections of the pharynx

Nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx

Palet/o

Palate-maxillary bone

Or/o

Mouth

Laryng/o

Larynx-voice box

Laryngospasm

Sudden closure of the larynx-hiccups

spasm

involuntary contraction

Nares

entry way into the nose

Septum

cartilage and bone between right and left sides

Turbinates

nasal concha, shelf of bone

Bones that make of the sinuses

Maxillary, ethmoid, frontal, sphenoid

sept/o

septum

sin/o, sinus/o

sinus (a hollow space)

tomy

incision

Parts of the lower respiratory tract

• trachea

• bronchi- primary

• lobar bronchi- secondary

• segmental bronchi- tertiary

• bronchioles

• alveoli- the place where gas exchange takes place

pneum/o, pneumat/o, pneumon/o

lung or air

pneumonia

lung infection

pulmon/o

lung

lob/o

lobe

bronch/o, bronchi/o

bronchus

stenosis

narrowing

bronchiol/o

bronchiole (little bronchi)

ectasis

widening

alveol/o

alveoli (air sac)

stern/o

sternum

sternocostal

pertaining to the sternum and rib

cost/o

rib

Thorac/o, pector/o (pectus), steth/o

chest

thoracic

pertaining to the chest

pectus excavatum

chest that goes inward

stethoscope

device to listen to chest sounds

pleur/o

pleura- membrane on lung and on inside of chest wall

pleurisy

inflammation of the pleura

pleural effusion

fluid around the lungs

pneumothorax

collapsed lung

phren/o

diaphragm

phrenospasm

sudden contraction of the diaphragm

• Hiccups phrenospasm with a quick closure of vocal cords.

process of respiration

inspiration

• diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract

• pressure on the chest decreases

• external air pressure causes air to rush into the lungs

expiration

• passive, does not require muscle contraction

• force expiration with internal intercostal muscles and abdominal muscles

ox/o

oxygen

hypoxia

condition of low oxygen

hypoxemia

low oxygen in the blood

spir/o, -pnea

breathing

spirometer

device to measure breathing

spirometry

procedure to measure breathing

capn/o, carb/o

carbon monoxide

hypercarbia

triggers the medulla oblongata to cause breathing

• increased levels of carbon dioxide (measured by chemoreceptors)

eupnea

normal breathing

apnea

absence of breathing

tachypnea

rapid breathing

bradypnea

slow breathing

hypopnea

shallow breathing

hyperpnea

deep breathing

dyspnea

difficulty breathing

hyperventilation

deep and rapid breathing

hypoventilation

shallow and slow

dysphonia

bad voice-hoarseness

epistaxis

nose bleed

• from greek for the drip out ot upon

rhinorrhagia

excessive blood flow from the nose

rhinorrhea

runny nose

thoracalgia

chest pain

expectoration

coughing ot spitting material from lung

Ex

out

sputum

mucus coughed from lung

hemoptysis

coughing up blood

ptysis

cough

pectoriloquy

patient speaks while health care professional listens to areas with stethoscope

loquy

speak

pectus carinatum

sternum protrudes

carinatum

keel (bottom of a ship)

pectus excavatum

sternum is hollowed out

Percussion

Striking and listening

atelectasis

incomplete expansion of lung tissue

tel

complete

bronchiectasus

abnormal expansion of the bronchii

caseous necrosis

death of tissue with tuberculosis infection (TB)

caseous

cheeselike

pulmonary edema

swelling of lungs (lung tissue becomes wet)

effusion

pour out

chylothorax

chyle in pleural space

chyle

A milky white substance that is formed in the small intestine during fat digestion and is carried in the lymph

empyema, pyothorax

pus in the pleural space

hemothorax

blood in the pleural space

pneumothorax

air in the the peural space

capnography

procedure to measure carbon dioxide

capnometer

device to measure carbon dioxide levels

oximetry

procedure to measure oxygen levels

computed tomography

imaging of ‘slices’ of the body

pulmonary angiography

imaging of the pulmonary vessels

ventilation perfusion scan

test of airflow or blood flow

polysomnography

measuring of sleep activity

pulmonary function testing

evaluate operation of lungs

spirometry

A procedure to measure breathing

pansinusitis

inflammation of all the sinuses

tracheomalacia

softening of the trachea

Obstructive lung disorder

lung disorder caused by blockage

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

A group of lung diseases characterized by the continual blockage of the lungs

• emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and bronchiectasis

emphysema

loss of elasticity of alveoli, difficulty exhaling air

asthma

allergic reaction in lung, narrowing the airways and swelling of tissues, increased sputum.

• from Greek for panting or gasping