Adaptive Immune Response Vocab

humoral immune response

major process of the adaptive immune response; executed by B-cells; destroys the pathogen and prevents future infection by the same pathogen

lymph nodes

where B-cells and T-cells are stored

cytotoxic T-cells

activated by cytokines; release perforins to destroy infected cells

barriers

a type of innate defense; includes skin and mucus membranes

antigens

protein markers on the outside of our cells as well as pathogens; can be familiar or foreign

pathogen

"disease-producer;" any organism or agent that can produce disease

memory cells

B-cells that last a long time and continue to produce antibodies against a pathogen

immunity

the ability to resist an infection before symptoms appear

helper T-cells

activated by macrophages displaying foreign antigens; release cytokines to activate B-cells and cytotoxic T-cells

macrophages

"big eaters;" engulf pathogens and display their antigens

internal defenses

a type of innate defense; includes macrophages, natural killer cells, inflammation, proteins, and fever

innate immune response

includes barriers and internal defenses; non-specifically attempts to prevent all pathogens from causing infection

antibodies

created by B-cells; bind to antigens, blocking the pathogen from infecting more host cells

cell-mediated immune response

major process of the adaptive immune response; executed by cytotoxic T-cells; destroys the pathogen and deals with infected body cells

bone marrow

where B-cells and T-cells are produced; where B-cells mature

B-cells

lymphocytes that create antibodies

cytokines

released by helper T-cells; activate B-cells and cytotoxic T-cells

perforins

released by cytotoxic T-cells to destroy infected body cells

lymphocytes

B-cells and T-cells

adaptive immune response

the body's 3rd line of defense; targets one specific pathogen at a time

vaccine

a dead or modified version of a pathogen which elicits the adaptive immune response

thymus

where T-cells mature

specific immune response

another term for the adaptive immune response

phagocytosis

the process by which a macrophage engulfs a pathogen