Comprehensive AIS and Data Flow Concepts for Students

AIS transforms data into what?

Useful information for decision-making

Raw facts like numbers are called what?

Data

Processed meaningful data is called what?

Information

Late but accurate report violates which characteristic?

Timeliness

Information must be relevant, reliable, complete, timely, understandable, verifiable, and what else?

Accessible

A system is made of what?

Interrelated components with a common goal

Which AIS component is responsible if employees are poorly trained?

People

Which AIS component fails if steps are not followed correctly?

Procedures

Which AIS component ensures protection from fraud/errors?

Internal Controls

Management promotes ethics and integrity. Which COSO component?

Control Environment

Company identifies fraud risks. Which COSO component?

Risk Assessment

Manager approval required before purchase. Which COSO component?

Control Activities

Reports shared across company. Which COSO component?

Information & Communication

Internal audit reviews controls. Which COSO component?

Monitoring

Password required before login is what type of control?

Preventive

Bank reconciliation is what type of control?

Detective

Fixing an error after detection is what type of control?

Corrective

Data encryption protects what?

Confidentiality

Ensuring data is accurate relates to what?

Integrity

System uptime relates to what?

Availability

Entering sales data into system is what stage?

Capture

Calculating totals is what stage?

Processing

Saving data in database is what stage?

Storage

Generating report is what stage?

Output

Customer address is what type of data?

Master data

Recording a sale is what type of data?

Transaction data

CRUD stands for what?

Create, Read, Update, Delete

Changing vendor bank account is what CRUD operation?

Update

Payroll processed weekly is what processing type?

Batch

System updates immediately after sale is what processing type?

OLRT

Data entered now but updated later is what?

OLTE

POS system uses what processing type?

OLRT

Which processing mode reflects real-time state?

OLRT

Revenue cycle involves what?

Selling goods and collecting cash

Expenditure cycle involves what?

Buying goods and paying vendors

A clerk enters 5000 instead of 500. What control would catch this?

Detective control

Forward tracing tests what?

Completeness

Backward tracing tests what?

Existence

A process has input but no output. What error?

Black hole

A process has output but no input. What error?

Miracle

Child diagram missing flows from parent. What error?

Imbalance

A diagram with only one process is what level?

Context diagram

A diagram with 5-7 processes is what level?

Level 0 diagram

A detailed breakdown of one process is what level?

Level 1 diagram

Which symbol represents an external entity?

Rectangle

Which symbol represents a process?

Rounded rectangle or circle

Which symbol represents a data store?

Open rectangle

Which symbol represents data flow?

Arrow

Who can connect to a data store?

Only processes

Is entity to data store allowed?

No

In BPMN, one path only is which gateway?

Exclusive (X)

In BPMN, all paths execute is which gateway?

Parallel (+)

In BPMN, one or more paths is which gateway?

Inclusive (O)

Tasks happening simultaneously use which gateway?

Parallel

Only one outcome possible uses which gateway?

Exclusive

System automatically connects to bank. What technology?

API

Bot performing repetitive tasks is what?

RPA

AI detecting unusual transactions is what?

AI

AIS converts data into what?

Useful information for decision-making

Raw facts are called what?

Data

Processed, meaningful data is called what?

Information

A report is accurate but late. What characteristic is missing?

Timeliness

Information must be relevant, reliable, complete, timely, understandable, verifiable, and what else?

Accessible

Employees are not properly trained. Which AIS component is failing?

People

Steps for processing transactions are unclear. Which AIS component is failing?

Procedures

System lacks protection against fraud. Which AIS component is failing?

Internal Controls

Management emphasizes ethics and integrity. Which COSO component?

Control Environment

Company identifies risks of fraud. Which COSO component?

Risk Assessment

Manager must approve purchases before processing. Which COSO component?

Control Activities

Information is shared across departments. Which COSO component?

Information & Communication

Internal audit reviews system performance. Which COSO component?

Monitoring

Password required before access is what type of control?

Preventive control

Bank reconciliation identifies errors after they occur. What type of control?

Detective control

Fixing an error and preventing it from happening again is what?

Corrective control

Data is encrypted to prevent unauthorized access. What principle?

Confidentiality

System ensures data is accurate and not altered. What principle?

Integrity

System is always accessible when needed. What principle?

Availability

Entering transaction data into system is what stage?

Capture

Validating and calculating transaction data is what stage?

Processing

Saving transaction data for future use is what stage?

Storage

Producing reports is what stage?

Output

Customer name and address is what type of data?

Master data

Recording a sale that just occurred is what type of data?

Transaction data

CRUD stands for what?

Create, Read, Update, Delete

Changing vendor banking information is which CRUD operation?

Update

Payroll processed weekly is what processing type?

Batch processing

System updates immediately after each sale. What processing type?

OLRT

Data is entered now but updated later. What processing type?

OLTE

POS system requires immediate updates. What processing type?

OLRT

Which processing mode reflects current system state at all times?

OLRT

Selling goods and collecting cash is which cycle?

Revenue cycle

Purchasing goods and paying vendors is which cycle?

Expenditure cycle

A clerk enters 5000 instead of 500. What type of control would catch this?

Detective control

A system requires approval before entering vendor changes. What type of control is this?

Preventive control

Auditor checks that all transactions were recorded. What tracing method?

Forward tracing (completeness)

Auditor traces financial statement amounts back to source documents. What tracing method?

Backward tracing (existence)

A process receives data but produces no output. What error?

Black hole

A process produces output without input. What error?

Miracle

Child diagram does not match parent inputs/outputs. What error?

Imbalance

A diagram with one process representing entire system is what?

Context diagram