Umayyads and Abbasids Flashcards

Flashcards reviewing the key differences between the Umayyad and Abbasid Caliphates, as well as important cultural and mathematical advancements during their rule.

Battle of Tours

A major battle that took place in 732/733 in Tours between the Frankish Kingdom and the Islamic forces.

Guadalete

The location of a significant battle in 711.

Cordoba

A city in Spain that was under Islamic rule.

Umayyad Caliphate

The Caliphate with a westward focus.

Abbasid Caliphate

The Caliphate with an eastern focus.

Umayyads

The dynasty that shut Shi'ites out of key positions.

Abbasids

The dynasty that included Shi'ites in key positions.

Umayyads

The dynasty where Arabs filled all key positions.

Abbasids

The dynasty where non-Arabs filled key positions.

Umayyads

The dynasty that continued to tax converts to Islam at the same higher rate as non-Muslims.

Abbasids

The dynasty that lightened taxes on converts to Islam.

Umayyads

The dynasty that ignored Persia.

Abbasids

The dynasty that invested tax money in Persia.

House of Wisdom

Caliph Harun al-Rashid established the _.

Shariah Law

Laws that guide Muslim communities

Muhammad ibn Rushd

Muslim philosopher known in the west as Averroes.

Astrolabe and Quadrant

Tools used in astronomy.

Muhammad Al-Khwarizmi

Developed Hindu-Arabic numerals.