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Lois de Mendel

What does genetics study?

The study of heredity and the prediction of character transmission between generations.

Who formulated the first laws of heredity?

Johann Mendel (1822-1884).

What is monohybridism?

Transmission of a pair of alleles focusing on one character.

What did Mendel use for his genetic experiments?

Plants, particularly peas.

What was the result of Mendel's first generation (F1) cross between smooth and wrinkled peas?

100% of the offspring produced smooth seeds.

What is the first law of Mendel?

Law of uniformity of hybrids: all individuals of the F1 generation are phenotypically identical and resemble one of the parents.

What is the second law of Mendel?

Law of segregation: during gamete formation, factors for different traits segregate so that each gamete carries only one factor for each trait.

Who extended Mendel's laws to animals?

Lucien Cuenot in 1902.

What two traits did Lucien Cuenot study in mice?

White and gray fur color.

What is a test cross used for?

To determine whether an individual with a dominant phenotype is homozygous or heterozygous.