APCSP Unit 2 Vocab

Applications

includes word processors, photo editing software, web browsers, games, music programs, and almost everything else on the computer excluding saved files and the operating system

ASCII

American Standard Code for Information Interchange

Binary

base-two, numeral system that uses zero and one

Bit

each numeral in the binary system, zero or one

Byte

eight bits

Decimal

base-ten, numeral system that uses zero to nine

Digit

each number in the decimal system, zero to nine

Hexadecimal

base 16, number system that uses 0-9 and a

Computationally hard

a problem that takes too long even for a computer to find the exact solution

Heuristic approach

an approach that gives results that are “good enough” when an exact answer is not necessary

Lossless

data compression that does not lose data during compression

Lossy

data compression that loses data during compression

Bit Rate

the number of bits that can be processed per second

Sample Rate

how often an analog signal is used when converting to digital, usually measured in bits per second

Metadata

additional data about the main data, usually at the beginning of a file

Pixelation

when individual pixels are too large and the image begins to look blocky

CMYK

color model used for printing. Stands for cyan, magenta, yellow, and black (key), where the number associated
with each letter is the percentage of each color used

RGB

color model used for most monitors or screens. Stands for red, green, and blue, referring to the color of light