3.2.3.1 Minerals Extracted from the Lithosphere

What is the lithosphere made up of?

solid crust and upper mantle.

zinc global production and major uses

14 million tonnes
steel protection, batteries

salt global production and major uses

• de-icing roads
• food additive

Sulfur global production and major uses

75m
Sulfuric acid manufacture to make phosphate fertilisers
pest control

limestone global production and major uses

600 million tonnes
cement, building blocks

Kaolin global production and major uses

26 million tonnes
ceramics, filler in cosmetics.

iron global production and major uses

1700mill tonnes
cookers, ships, washing machines

gypsum global production and major uses

• 180m tonnes
• building plaster

copper global production and major uses

electrical cables, water pipes

aluminum global production and major uses

53 mill t
vehicle window frames

aggregates(sand and gravel)

·40 billion tonnes
·concrete, glass

How deep is the deepest mine?

4000m