Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and Humanistic Theory

A set of Q&A flashcards covering Maslow's hierarchy of needs, self-actualization, and key humanistic concepts from the lecture notes.

Who is the prominent figure associated with humanistic psychology who proposed self-actualization and Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

Abraham Maslow.

What does holism mean in Maslow’s/Humanistic theory?

Organisms act as a unity; behavior and development are analyzed as a whole, emphasizing consistency and integrity.

What is the driving force at the top of Maslow's hierarchy?

Self-actualization – realizing one’s potential and being creative, moral, and authentic.

List Maslow's five levels of needs from bottom to top.

Physiological, Safety, Love/Belonging, Esteem, Self-Actualization.

Which level includes breathing, food, water, sex, sleep, and excretion?

Physiological needs (the base level).

What are included in Maslow's safety needs besides physical security?

Security of body, employment, resources, morality, health, family, property, and the feeling of basic anxiety.

What are the two components of Esteem in Maslow’s hierarchy?

Internal self-esteem (self-respect) and external esteem (reputation or respect from others).

What is the concept of deficiency needs in Maslow’s theory?

Also called being/deficiency needs; lower-level needs must be satisfied before higher-level growth needs, and unmet lower needs can cause regression to satisfy them.

How do external influences affect development according to Maslow?

They have minimal effect; growth depends more on internal motivation and responsibility to one's life.

What are some characteristics associated with self-actualization?

Morality, creativity, spontaneity, problem solving, lack of prejudice, acceptance of facts.

Which level of Maslow's hierarchy is associated with love, friendship, and belonging?

Love/Belonging needs.

What triggers movement up the hierarchy in Maslow’s motivational theory?

Satisfaction of lower-level deficiency needs allows higher-level growth needs to become motivators; failure to meet lower needs can cause regression.

What does Maslow say about the ease of fulfilling needs as you go up the pyramid?

Lower-level needs are easier to fulfill; higher levels (like self-actualization) are harder to reach.

What are the five levels of Maslow's hierarchy in order from lowest to highest?

Physiological, Safety, Love/Belonging, Esteem, Self-Actualization.