Ch. 11 Eating Disorders

What is disordered eating?

Short-term, mild changes in eating patterns due to stress, illness, or appearance concerns.

How does food affect emotions?

Eating releases neurotransmitters and endorphins.

What contributes to unrealistic body ideals?

Media and social media promoting thinness.

What often begins eating disorders?

A simple diet.

What manual diagnoses eating disorders?

DSM-5-TR.

What are the three main eating disorders?

Anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder.

How genetic are eating disorders?

50–83% genetic influence.

When do eating disorders usually begin?

Adolescence or young adulthood.

What is the SCOFF tool used for?

Screening for eating disorders.

What is the core feature of anorexia nervosa?

Extreme restriction leading to very low body weight.

What fear is required for anorexia diagnosis?

Intense fear of weight gain.

What cognitive distortion occurs in anorexia?

Distorted body image or denial of low weight risks.

What are common behaviors in anorexia?

Eating very little, safe-food lists, excessive exercise.

What are major health risks in anorexia?

Heart issues, hormone disruption, weak immunity, bone loss.

Why do anorexia patients resist help?

They deny the disorder.

When is hospitalization needed for anorexia?

Below 75% expected body weight.

What is the goal of anorexia nutrition therapy?

Restore weight and normalize eating.

What therapy is most effective for teens with anorexia?

Family-based treatment.

What defines bulimia nervosa?

Binges with loss of control followed by compensatory behaviors.

How often must bulimia behaviors occur?

Once per week for 3 months.

What foods are usually eaten in binges?

High-calorie, high-carb foods.

What are health risks of bulimia?

Dental erosion, low potassium, swollen glands, GI irritation.

What is the purpose of nutrition therapy for bulimia?

Normalize eating and reduce binge–purge cycles.

What medication is approved for bulimia?

Fluoxetine (Prozac).

What defines binge eating disorder?

Recurrent binge episodes without compensatory behaviors.

How often must binge episodes occur?

Once weekly for 3 months.

What emotions follow binge episodes?

Guilt, shame, depression.

What conditions commonly accompany binge eating disorder?

Obesity, hypertension, high cholesterol, type 2 diabetes.

What is the main treatment goal for binge eating disorder?

Stop binge episodes and normalize eating patterns.

What is pica?

Eating nonfood substances like dirt, clay, or chalk.

What is rumination disorder?

Repeated regurgitation of food after eating.

What is ARFID?

Avoidant/restrictive eating leading to weight loss or nutrient deficiency.

What is orthorexia?

Obsession with “clean” or “perfectly healthy” eating.

What is muscle dysmorphia?

Seeing oneself as too small and obsessing over muscularity.

What is diabulimia?

Skipping insulin in type 1 diabetes to lose weight.

What are long-term risks of diabulimia?

Eye damage, kidney damage, coma, death.

What practices help prevent eating disorders?

Avoid restrictive dieting, correct weight myths, encourage emotional expression.

What should not be overemphasized in prevention?

Body weight or appearance.

How can parents reduce risk?

Encourage eating when hungry and promote independence.

What should athletes be taught?

Thinness does not improve performance.