BLOOKET - Global Cold War Tension and Intervention

Which US president sought to eliminate 'creeping communism' in Guatemala during the 1950s?

Eisenhower

Which entity was supposed to take over Palestine in 1948?

the United Nations

Which president was keen to increase the use of conventional forces, i.e. not relying on nuclear weapons?

Kennedy

Which 1961 incident embarrassed Kennedy and convinced Castro of Cuba to lean towards the Soviet Union?

Bay of pigs

What was the nuclear strategy of the Eisenhower administration towards the Soviet Union and its allies?

Deterrence

Which Middle Eastern conflict led to the arming of Egypt and Syria by the Soviet Union?

• 1967 - Six-day war

What is the name given to conflicts where the USA and Soviet Union competed indirectly with each other?

Proxy wars

Which organisation was involved in covert operations?

the CIA

What was the name of the alliance formed to prevent against the spread of Communism in southeast Asia?

SEATO

Which was the more aggressive anti-Communist policy supported by John Foster Dulles, Eisenhower's Secretary of State?

Rollback

In which year did China become Communist?

1949

Which doctrine were the Americans aiming to enforce in Latin America during the 1950s?

The Monroe Doctrine (1823)

On which area of the world did the 1957 Eisenhower Doctrine focus?

The Middle East

Which two powers created NORAD in 1958 to defend North American airspace?

• USA

• Canada

In 1956, which powers were secretly working with Israel to recapture the Suez Canal from Egyptian leader, Nasser?

• GB

• France

• NOT USA

How many votes did Japanese communists poll in the 1949 elections?

3 million

Why were leaders like Mao and Ho Chi Minh popular in their countries?

Internal revolutions and nationalism

Who was the figurehead leader appointed by the French in Vietnam in 1949?

Bao Dai

What 1949 event heralded the collapse of the Nationalist war effort?

surrender of the

What were the two initial objectives of the US occupation of Japan?

demilitarisation and democratisation

Which resource-rich area did the CCP (Chinese Communist Party) establish a grip on by 1947?

Manuchuria

Who was confirmed as the leader of South Korea after the 1948 elections?

Syngman Rhee

How did US officials describe the Nationalist leader Jiang Jieshi?

Vain, corrupt and autorcratic

Why did the US support France against the Vietminh from 1946?

to side against a communist leader

Which clause in the 1947 constitution demilitarised Japan?

Article nine

How much total aid did the US provide to the Nationalists in China after 1945?

$3 billion

What was the US verdict on its China policy by 1949?

Outright failure

What made the communist threat more complex in Asia than in Europe?

Diversity and revolutionary nationalism

Which islands were and were NOT part of the 1949 US defensive perimeter?

Were

• Japan

• The Philippines

• Guam

Were NOT

• Japan

What was a major reason for the failure of containment in China?

jiang’s ineffective and mercurial leadership

Why was Japan considered more vital to US security than China?

it was a key military-industrail power centre

Which US general led the nation-building programme in occupied Japan?

Dougls MacArthur

What was the primary goal of the US defensive perimeter strategy in Asia?

Protect offshore Pacific islands

Which communist leader headed the Vietnamese nationalist Vietminh?

Ho Chi Minh

How did the "Europe-first" policy impact US involvement in Asia?

there were limited resources restricting Asian communism

What did Marshall compare the futility of aiding Jiang Jieshi to?

Pouring sand down a rat-hole

What were the large industrial combines the US initially tried to break up in (Japan) ?

Zaibastus

Why did US occupation policy shift toward economic reconstruction in 1947?

To remove economic conditions that breed communism

What was the name of Japan's pre-war empire in the Far East?

The Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere

On what pretext did the US refuse Soviet involvement in occupying Japan?

The USSR had not fought in the Pacifci war

How did the US plan to counter communism on the Asian mainland?

Economic aid to exisiting anti-communist forces

How much aid did Congress authorise in 1949 for Japanese raw materials?

$500 million

What area was the primary focus of the US containment policy after 1945?

Western Europe

What characterized the "reverse course" in Japanese occupation?

Restrictions on strikes and trade unions

What impact did the Korean War have on NATO?

NATO expanded and strengthened

Which UN member state boycotted the Security Council vote on Korea in 1950?

Soviet Union

Why did the US begin supporting Taiwan after 1950?

To oppose Mao’s communist China

What was the key outcome of NSC 68 for US foreign policy?

Massive rearmament and containment

What was the purpose of the San Francisco Peace Treaty (1951)?

End US occupation of Japan

Which Asian country received a significant boost in economic aid from the US due to the Korean War?

Japan

What was the main unresolved issue during armistice talks (for the Korean War)?

Repatriation of Prisoners of War

• While North Korea and China demanded that all prisoners be returned, the UN Command (UNC) insisted that captives could refuse repatriation, delaying the armistice for two years

Which US policy document proposed a large expansion of military spending to contain communism?

NSC 68

Which US President responded to the North Korean invasion by committing US forces?

Truman

Which strategy was adopted by the US after 1951 in Korea?

Limited war and containment

What city was recaptured by UN forces following the Inchon landing? (Korena war)

• Seoul

• Broke the Pusan Perimiter

When was the Inchon landing?

• 15th September 1950

• 75,000 UN troops and 261 naval divisions

Which river marks the border between North Korea and China?

Yalu river

How did Truman respond to Chinese intervention in the Korean war?

• Truman sought to limit the conflict

Which Southeast Asian alliance was formed partly due to Korean War fears?

ANZUS (1951)

Who was the leader of South Korea at the start of the Korean War?

Syngman Rhee

Which year was the Korean armistice signed?

1953

What was the primary aim of North Korea’s invasion of the South in 1950?

Unify Korea under communism

What did the Korean War mark in terms of US military policy?

Global military commitments

Why did China intervene in the Korean War in November 1950?

To prevent US forces reaching its border

Which agreement allowed the US to keep military bases in Japan after 1952?

Mutural Security Agreement

What date did the Korean War begin?

• 25th June 1950

Why was MacArthur dismissed by President Truman in 1951?

Disobeyed orders and wanted total war

What was the approximate number of US battle deaths in the Korean War?

33.000

Which US general led the UN forces in the early stages of the Korean War?

Douglas MacArthur

What line was re-established as the dividing border after the Korean war?

DMZ line

How did the Korean War impact US defense spending in the 1950s?

it increase significant;y