a battle in 1071 where the Seljuks conquered most of Anatolia from the Byzantine Empire
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The First Crusade
a series of religious wars by Christians to take the holy land from 1095-1099
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4
Emirates
regions ruled by Arab noblemen or military personnel
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5
Ottoman
the Emirate that conquered the rest of them from Constantinople
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Mamluks
Turko-Iranians, or 'slave soldiers' of the Arab caliphates
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7
Sultan
those that wielded political authority, and enforced Sharia law, but unlike caliphs, they lacked the authority to make religious or theological changes
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Mansa Musa of Mali
The wealthy ruler of Mali from 1312-1337
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9
Timbuktu
an important, major trading city in West Africa
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10
Algebra
Math subject that Islamic mathematicians created
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11
Nasir al-Din al-Tusi
a Persian mathematician
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12
Trigonometry
a math pioneered by Nasir al-Din al-Tusi
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13
House of Wisdom
a center of learning and documenting established in Baghdad
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14
'A'ishah al-Ba'uniyyah
a Sufi master and poet, who recorded her views in writing
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15
Dar-al-Islam
Muslim-ruled lands
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16
Persian Veil
a high class garment that covers the head and face
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