Lecture on Chemical Structures and Polar Covalent Bonds

A collection of flashcards covering key concepts related to molecular structures, covalent bonds, and polarity in chemistry.

Lewis Structure

A diagram that shows the bonding between atoms of a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist.

Condensed Formula

A way of writing the molecular formula of a compound that shows the arrangement of atoms.

Skeletal Structure

A simplified representation of a molecule where carbon atoms are represented by the ends and intersections of lines.

Electronegativity

The ability of an atom to attract bonding electrons.

Polar Covalent Bond

A type of bond that forms when atoms with different electronegativities share electrons unequally, leading to partial charges.

Nonpolar Covalent Bond

A type of bond where two atoms share electrons equally and there is no charge separation.

Bond Polarity

The distribution of electrical charge over the atoms joined by the bond, indicating whether the bond is polar or nonpolar.

Dipole Arrow

A representation used to denote the direction of electron density in a polar bond, pointing towards the more electronegative atom.

Predicting Molecular Shape

Using the number of bonds and lone pairs around a central atom to determine the overall three-dimensional shape of a molecule.

Partial Charge

An electric charge that is less than the full charge of an electron, found in polar molecules due to unequal sharing of electrons.