Microbio Quiz 7

upper respiratory infection

very common and uncomfortable, clears within a week (cold)

lower respiratory infection

often serious, may be fatal (pneumonia, tuberculosis)

Goblet Cells

produce mucous, a slimy glycoprotein

Mucocililary escalator

propels mucus, trapped particles out of the respiratory tract

rhinitis

infection of the nose usually cuased by viruses

pharyngitis

inflammation of throat

epiglottitis

inflammation that covers lower repsiratory tract, can be life-threatening

conjunctiva

an infection that covers eyes and the lining of the eyelids

dacryocystitis

infection of tear ducts that connect to nasal chamber

External ear

protected by cerumen (ear wax)

Middle ear sterile

connected by Eustachian tubes, otitis media infection

inner ear

microbe-free, infection is labyrinthitis

Sinusitis,mastoiditis

infections of sinuses, mastoid air cells

laryngitis

inflammation of larynx

bronchiolitis

bronchi branch repeatedly to become bronchioles

pneumonitis

inflammation of the lungs

pleurisy

inflammation in lungs surrounded by two membranes

Pneumococcal Pneumonia

60% of adult pneumonia patients require hospitalization

Pneumococcal Pneumonia S/S

cough, fever, chest pain, sputum production

Pneumococcal Pneumonia Caustive Agent

• steptococcus pneumonia

• gram-positive diplococcus

• thick polysacharide capsule

pneumococcal Pneumonia pathogenesis

encapsulated pneumococci inhaled into alveoli multiply rapidly, cause inflammatory response

Pneumococcal Pneumonia Epidemiology

up to 30% of healthy people carry encapsulated pneumococci in their throat; mucociliary escalator effectively keeps from reaching the lungs

pneumococcal Pneumonia Treatment and Prevention

penicillin, erythromycin cure if given early; resistant strains are increasingly common

-vaccines available for 23 pneumococcal strains that cause over 90% of disease

Klebsiella Pneumonia

common hospital-acquired pathogens, cause most of the deaths from healthcare-associated infections

Klebsiella Pneumonia S/S

cough, fever, chest pains, repeated chills, production of bloody gelatinous sputum

Klebsiella Pneumonia Causitive Agent

• Klebsiella pneumoniae

• Gram-negative rod with a large capsule

Klebsiella Pneumonia Pathogenesis

contracted via inhalation, contact, or medical equipment

Klebsiella Pneumonia Epidemiology

• widespread in nature

• colonize skin, throat, GI tract as normal biota

Klebsiella Pneumonia Treatment and Prevention

antiobiotics effective if susceptible; sensitivity tests carried out to determine

Mycoplasmal Pneumonia

walking pneumonia, common within college students, generally mild