Describing Wave Motion
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21 Terms
Wave definition
Transfer of energy without transfer of matter
Amplitude
Maximum displacement from the rest position
Wavelength
Distance between two identical points on a wave (e.g., crest to crest)
Frequency
Number of waves passing a point per second
Frequency unit
Hertz (Hz)
Period
Time taken for one complete wave
Period formula
T = 1 ÷ f
Wave speed symbol
v
Wavelength symbol
λ
Frequency symbol
f
Wave speed formula
v = f × λ
Rearranged for frequency
f = v ÷ λ
Rearranged for wavelength
λ = v ÷ f
Displacement
How far a point on the wave has moved from rest
Crest
Highest point of a transverse wave
Trough
Lowest point of a transverse wave
Compression
Region of high pressure in a longitudinal wave
Rarefaction
Region of low pressure in a longitudinal wave
Oscillation
Repeated back‑and‑forth or up‑and‑down motion
Energy transfer
Waves carry energy, not matter
Key idea
Wave motion is described using amplitude, wavelength, frequency, period, and speed
