Periodic Table Chemistry Test

Periodic Table

Tool for organizing the elements

Periods

Rows on the periodic table

Groups

Columns on the periodic table

Periodicity

Periodic Table patterns and trends on the periodic table

Atomic Number

Number of protons in an atom

Atomic Mass

Mass in grams of 1 mole of atoms (6.02 x 10^23)

Atomic Radius

Half the distance between two nuclei of the same element when bonded together

Electronegativity

Ability of an atom, in a chemical bond, to attract the shared valence electron to itself

Ionization Energy

Energy required to remove the outermost electron from an atom

Ion

Atom with a charge

Cation

Positively charged ion. Results from loss of electrons

Anion

Negatively charged ion. Results from gain of electrons

Alkali Metals

Alkaline Earth Metals

Transition Metals

Halogens

Nobel Gases

Lanthanides

Actinides

Representative Elements

Smaller

Cations have __ radii than their parent atom

Larger

Anions have __ radii than their parent atom

+1

Each time an electron is lost in an element a charge of __ is added

Increase

As radii decreases, electronegativity, ionization energy and electron affinity __

Decrease

As radii increases, electronegativity, ionization energy and electron affinity __

Decrease

As charge is added to an element, electrons and radii

Johann Dobereiner

In 1829, he classified some elements into groups of three, which he called triads. Elements in triads had similar chemical and orderly physical properties.

John Newlands

In 1863 suggested "octaves" because after being in order of increasing atomic mass certain properties repeated every 8th element.

Dmitri Mendeleev

1869 he published a table of elements organized by increasing atomic mass and left vacant spaces were unknown elements should fit

Lothar Meyer

1869 published a table with elements organized by increasing atomic mass and with spaces for unknown elements, but doesn’t get the credit

Henry Moseley

1913 determined atomic number of the elements and rearranged based on that; died in WWI

Glenn T. Seaborg

Co-discovered 10 new elements; moved 14 elements to below the lanthanide series in 1944; only person to have an elements named after him while still alive

Metallic Character, Atomic Radius, Ionic Radius,

Across: decreases

Down: Increases

Ionization Energy, Electronegativity

Across: Increases

Down: Decreases

Ionic Radius

Measure of the relative size of ions

1

Valence Electrons in Alkali Metals

2

Valence Electrons in Alkaline Earth Metals, Transition Metals, and Actinides/Lanthanides

3-8

Valence Electrons going across from the group boron is in to the noble gasses