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A set of flashcards covering key concepts, facts, and events related to migration and indigenous resistance between 1750 and 1900.
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Causes of Migration (1750-1900)
New global economy, transportation modes, urban centers, poverty, famine, political unrest.
Demand for Low-Wage Workers
Need for cheap labor in plantations and infrastructure projects like railroads after abolition of slavery.
Chinese and Indian Workers' Conditions
Tricked or forced into indentured servitude on sugar plantations and railroads.
Britain’s Penal Colony
Australia; convicts sent for cheap labor for settlers.
Driving Force for Indian Indentured Servants
Poverty drove Indian migrants into servitude and plantation work.
Reasons for Chinese Migration in the Mid-1800s
Taiping Rebellion, political unrest, and opportunities from the gold rush.
Discrimination Against Chinese Migrants in the U.S.
Faced harsh prejudice, notably as workers on the Transcontinental Railroad.
Irish Migration Causes (1845-1849)
The Great Famine (Potato Famine) and religious discrimination.
Communities Formed by Migrants
Ethnic enclaves to retain culture, such as Little Italy and Chinatown.
Women's Empowerment in Migration Era
Women gained power by assuming responsibilities of their husbands who migrated.
Cultural Changes from Migration
Fusion of food, music, art, and religion through intermarriage and cultural blending.
Legal Discrimination Faced by Migrants
U.S. - Chinese Exclusion Act (1882); Australia - 'White Australia' policies.
Assimilation
The process of adopting the culture and language of the host country.
Cultural Appropriation
Taking elements from a non-dominant culture without respect or credit.
Stereotype
An oversimplified or reductive image of a particular group.
Tupac Amaru II
Incan chief who led a revolt against Spanish rule in South America in 1780.
Fate of Tupac Amaru II
Captured, forced to watch his family's execution, then executed himself.
Indian Rebellion of 1857
Indian sepoys attacked British due to rumors about pork and beef fat on cartridges.
British Response to Indian Rebellion (1857)
Harsh retaliation, exile of Mughal Emperor, direct British rule over India.
Aboriginal Resistance to British Colonialism
Fought to defend land but were overpowered, resulting in thousands killed.
Maori Wars in New Zealand
Wars over property rights, ended in British victory and land seizure.
Xhosa Resistance to British Rule
Killed cattle and destroyed land, believing spirits would drive out the British, leading to famine.
Anglo-Zulu War
Conflict between Zulu tribe and British in 1870s, ended in British victory.
Maji Maji Rebellion (1905)
East African revolt against German forces, based on belief in protective sacred water.
Outcome of Maji Maji Rebellion
German machine guns killed 75,000 Africans by 1907.