Chapter 16: Burrreaucracy and the Public Sectorrrr

Administrative law

Concerns the rules under which bureaucracies operate and make decisions, including when, as in the U.S., they are delegated authority to act.

Administrative procedures Act

1946, is the main body of law that regulates discretionary and authority of bureaucracies

Bureaucracies

Public administration. A particular mode of administrative organization that was developed as a reform in the nineteenth century and spread widely to be the most generally used mode today.

Contracting out

A theory public administration that advocates government assigning certain tasks to nongovernmental entities if they can di it more efficiently.

Hierarchal command structure

Clear lines of command are established, in which an order from a high official goes to a lower official, who then passes the order on to the next level,until it reaches the point of operation.

Higher civil service

Specialized and executive members of the public administration, corresponding to professionals and managers in the private sector.

implementation

putting policy or law into effect or enforcing it

merit / civil service system

A system of staffing bureaucracies that provides for legal protection of workers against political reprisals and which seeks to ensure these workers are qualified for their job and preferment their tasks in a political neutral and competent fashion

neutral competence

refers to the idea that the beauracraciey is politically neutral, and its wirjers do their job without regard to politics or political considerations

ombudsman

a government official who’s primary duty is to seek out citizens complaints if abuse by public administrators and to negotiate changes but get offending practices

political administration dichotomy

institutional distinction in which policy and law is made by elected officials who are electorally accountable, leaving it up to bureaucrats or administrations y o enforce the policy or laws

prefect

oversee operations of local and regional government. coordinate operations of all state agencies, icluding polcie. They also oversee the operations of the elected city or regional governments, holding them to account if they question the legality of their operations. They are sensitive positions that can be dismissed or transferred any time

Privatization

Turning over government services tasks to private cooperations, to be done more effictiently

Public administration

People who are not directly involved in politics in the sense that they share in making in making major decisions but who are involved in contribution and impentation of the policies that carry out those decisions

Representative bureaucracy

The idea that members of the public administration should be similar to the groups that they serve in such characteristics as class, race, and gender so that they will be able to serve them better.