APUSH unit 1 reveiw

APUSH TEST 2025

Woodland Tribes

agricultural

Great Plains Tribes

nomadic hunter-gatherers who relied on bison and lived in tepees.

Southwestern Tribes

advanced farming and cliff dwellings

Pacific Northwest Tribes

fishing and relied on complex social hierarchies

Native American Economic Systems

Relied mostly on hunting, agriculture, and trade

Spirituality

deep spiritual connections with elements of animism and polytheism, reflected in their rituals and government

Environment

shaped their lifestyles and they greatly respected the Earth

European disease

caused significant population decline among Native American communities, as they had no immunity to these illnesses.

European Claims

Europeans divided up the Americas into territories for colonization and resource exploitation.

French

In the north, Canada

English

In the eastern parts of North America, 13 colonies

Spanish

primarily focused on the southwestern regions and Florida

First English settlements

established in the early 1600s, including Jamestown in 1607 and Plymouth in 1620.

European missionaries

wanted to expand Christianity to the Native Americans and often set up missions to convert indigenous populations.

the Three G’s

God, Gold, Glory

Native Exchanges

Gave tobacco, turkey, potatoes, corn (maize), beans, and squash to European settlers. They also gave gold and other natural resources.

Europeans Exchanges

Cattle, sheep, pigs, horses, coffee, citrus, honey bees, bananas, and many diseases were given to the Americas.

Slavery

The Europeans first tried to enslave the Natives, but they were far too weak. Soon imported Africans in the Transatlantic Slave Trade.

Cultural Exchange

Europeans brought new technologies like metal tools and guns, while Natives taught them how to grow crops in the New World.

Casta System

Racial hierarchy based on how Spanish you were, determining rights and freedoms. (Spain born Spaniards at the top, then slaves and natives at the bottom)

French Fur Trade

French viewed the Natives as trade partners and traded furs with them.

British View

of Natives as obstacles to expansion, often resulting in conflict and displacement.

Spanish View

Wanted to conquer them (Conquistadors)