Health Unit 1

Fat-soluble vitamins

A, D, E, K

6 classes of nutrients

Carbs., protein, fats, vit. Minerals and water

Building blocks of protein

Amino acids

Amino acid not supplied by the body

Essential amino acid

Main nutrient supplied by the grain group

Carbohydrate

3 types of carbohydrates

Simple (sugars), Complex (starches), and fiber

Carbohydrates broken down into during digestion

Glucose

Waxy fat-like substance found in animal cells

Cholesterol

Fats solid at room temperature

Saturated

Fats liquid at room temperature

Unsaturated

Carbohydrate supplying bulk in the diet but no energy

Fiber

Number of calories in one gram of fat

9

Number of calories in one gram of carbohydrate

4

Number of calories in one gram of protein

4

Measurement of energy released when nutrients are burned

Calorie

Function is growth and repair of body tissues

Protein

Extra glucose converted to and stored in the liver

Glycogen

Nutrients coming from rocks and soil

Minerals

Nutrient essential for all life processes

Water

Type of sugar providing energy for body's cells

Glucose

Another name for complex carbohydrates

Starches

Nutrients required in small amounts

Vitamins

Type of vitamins the body cannot store

Water soluble

Another name for simple carbohydrates

Sugars

Indigestible material found in foods

Fiber

Produced when hydrogen is added to an unsaturated fat

Trans fats

Condition with red blood cells lacking hemoglobin

Anemia

Substances regulating processes in cells

Electrolytes

Maintaining a steady state inside the body

Homeostasis

Process breaking down food to release energy

Metabolism

Vitamin protecting healthy cells from damage

Antioxidant

Iron-containing substance carrying oxygen

Hemoglobin

Serious reduction in body water

Dehydration

Foods with lots of vitamins and minerals relative to calories

Nutrient dense

something you do when you sweat

perspire