ch-1-plate-tectonics

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18 Terms

1

What is Plate Tectonics?

The theory explaining the movement of the Earth's lithosphere which is divided into tectonic plates.

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2

What are Endogenic forces?

Internal forces within the Earth that create earthquakes, volcanoes, fold mountains, and new rocks.

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3

What are Exogenic forces?

External forces like wind, rivers, and weathering that reshape the Earth's landscape.

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4

What is the Lithosphere?

The rigid outer layer of the Earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle.

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5

What is the Asthenosphere?

The semi-fluid layer beneath the lithosphere that allows tectonic plates to move.

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6

What are Convection currents?

The circular movements of magma in the Earth’s mantle caused by heat from the core.

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7

What are Constructive plate boundaries?

Locations where tectonic plates are moving apart, leading to the formation of new oceanic crust.

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8

What are Destructive plate boundaries?

Locations where tectonic plates collide, resulting in the destruction of crust and the creation of geological features.

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9

What are Transform plate boundaries?

Locations where tectonic plates slide past each other, often causing earthquakes.

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10

What is Subduction?

The process by which one tectonic plate moves under another and sinks into the mantle.

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11

What are Hot Spots?

Volcanoes that occur away from plate boundaries, caused by magma rising from deep within the Earth.

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12

What are Rift Valleys?

Gaps formed when tectonic plates pull apart, often leading to volcanic activity.

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13

What are Fold Mountains?

Mountains formed through the folding of Earth's crust due to tectonic forces.

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14

What are Seismic records?

Data collected from earthquake waves used to study the structure of the Earth.

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15

What is Oceanic crust?

The thinner, denser part of the Earth's crust that underlies the oceans.

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16

What is Continental crust?

The thicker, less dense part of the Earth's crust that forms the continents.

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17

What is a Mid-ocean ridge?

An underwater ridge formed by plate tectonics where new ocean floor is created.

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18

What is the Tectonic Cycle?

The cycle of creation and destruction of lithospheric plates driven by mantle convection.

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