Results for "inside"

crushing opposition inside and outside the party

VOL 3 t4 The Wonder Plant, RENEWABLE ENERGY, INSIDE THE MIND OF A FAN

Insider and Outsider Groups in Pressure Groups

Inside Inspection

Cell theory organisms are composed of 1+ cells, which are the smallest unit of life, which come from pre-existing cells What do Prokaryotic Cells have? - Cell wall - Plasma Cell membrane -Flagella -Ribosomes -Nucleoid Cell Wall made of of carb protein complex, PEPTIOGLYCAN, allows for cell to hold shape Plasma Membrane Controls movement of materials in and out of cells, plays role in binary fission Cytoplasm -occupies interior, no compartmentalization, site of all chemical processes in the cell -Region where organelles can be found Capsule some, not all have this, made of polysaccharide, sticky and allows for attachment to surfaces Pili short hair growth on cell wall, used for attachment, joins bacteria cells to prep for DNA transfer Flagella longer than pili, used for movement Ribosomes where protein synthesis occurs, in big numbers in cells that require high protein content Nucleoid Region non-compartmentalization and has a single long thread of DNA, controls cells and reproduction Plasmids small circular DNA molecules, not connected to main loop Binary Fission the simple cell division, process where DNA is copied and the daughter chromosomes become attached to different regions on the membrane, cell elongates and divides into 2 identical daughter cells Microscope DOs -careful -proper carrying -using for intended purpose Microscope Don'ts -squinting -carrying with one hand -using coarse focus knob on high power -leaving at edge of lab bench Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells -DNA is circular, not enclosed -Free DNA -Non-membrane bound organelles -70s ribosomes -Very small -Division by binary fission SURFACE AREA TO VOLUME RATIO does what? What does this do? Limits cell size, the bigger this ratio, the more efficient it is for the diffusion to take place in and out of the cell. Differentiation process whereby cells develop into specific cells as a result of the expression of certain genes but not others What are stem cells? Cells that retain their ability to divide into various types of cells. What type of tissue in plants contains stem cells? Meristematic tissue. Where are stem cells found in animals? In embryos. Cytosol Fluid portion of cytoplasm What is the endoplasmic reticulum? An extensive network of tubules and channels that extends almost everywhere from the nucleus to the plasma membrane. What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum? Transports materials throughout the internal region of the cell. Rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and is therefore involved in protein development and transport. Smooth ER lacks ribosomes on its exterior but contains unique enzymes embedded on its surface. 6 functions of the smooth ER 1. production of membrane phospholipids and cellular lipids 2. Production of sex hormones such as testosterone and estrogen 3. Detoxification of drugs in the liver 4. Storage of calcium ions needed for contraction in muscle cells 5. Transportation of lipid-based compounds 6. Aid the liver in releasing glucose into the bloodstream when needed What are ribosomes? Structures that have no exterior membrane What is the primary function of ribosomes? Carry out protein synthesis What are ribosomes composed of? A type of RNA and a protein How many subunits do ribosomes have? Two subunits What are lysosomes? Intracellular digestive organelles that arise from the Golgi apparatus. What do lysosomes catalyze the breakdown of? Proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and carbohydrates. Golgi apparatus Responsible for the collection, packaging, modification, and distribution of materials synthesized in the cell Two sides : cis and trans cisternae Golgi apparatus is composed of a stack of flattened sacs called this What shape are mitochondria? Rod-shaped What are mitochondria commonly referred to as? The cell's powerhouse Do mitochondria have their own DNA? Yes, it is similar to that of bacterial cells What type of membrane do mitochondria have? Double-membraned How is the outer membrane of mitochondria described? Smooth What are the folds in the inner membrane of mitochondria called? Cristae matrix Inside the mitochondria inner membrane is fluid called this What is the function of the cristae in mitochondria? The cristae provide a huge internal surface area for the chemical reactions in the mitochondria to occur. What type of ribosomes do mitochondria produce and contain? Mitochondria produce and contain their own ribosomes. What is the primary energy molecule produced by mitochondria? ATP (adenosine triphosphate). What is the nucleus? A compartmentalized region where DNA can be found. What is the nuclear envelope? A double membrane that covers the nucleus. What do the pores in the nuclear envelope allow? Communication with the cell's cytoplasm. What are chloroplasts? Organelles that can only be found in algae and plant cells. What type of membrane do chloroplasts have? Double-membraned. What unique genetic material do chloroplasts contain? Their own ribosomes and DNA in the form of a ring. What structures are found in the interior of chloroplasts? Grana, thylakoids, and the stroma. Granum made up of a stack of thylakoids Thylakoids flattened membrane sacs with components essential for the absorption of light Stroma similar to cytosol; contains many enzymes and chemicals essential to complete the process of photosynthesis What is a centrosome? A structure that consists of a pair of centrioles at right angles to one another. What is the function of centrioles in the centrosome? They are involved in assembling the microtubules necessary for providing structure and movement in the cell. Why are microtubules important for cells? They are necessary for cell division. In which types of cells are centrosomes found? Centrosomes are found in animal, fungal, and most protoctist cells, but not in higher plant cells. What are vacuoles? Storage organelles that usually arise from the Golgi apparatus. What substances do vacuoles store? Potential food, metabolic wastes and toxins, and water. How do vacuoles affect cell size? They allow cells to have a higher surface area to volume ratio even at larger sizes. What role do vacuoles play in plant cells? They allow the uptake of water to provide rigidity to the cell.

I’m not in the mirror I’m inside you

Bones inside labeling

CHAPTER 7 — INSIDE THE CELL

Inside the cell

skeletal muscle insidew

Chapter 7a: Inside the Cell - Organelles

Chapter 7c: Inside the Cell – The Cytoskeleton

Securities Laws, SEC Regulations, and Insider Trading Fundamentals

Busn Exam 4: insider trading, PROPERTY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, Trademarks, Copyrights. Patents

Inside the Air Traffic Controller Shortage in the US

Inside muscles

Inside the Cell

PLACES INSIDE THE HOUSE

RELGION It is known more through legend than through fact. Full accounts of the Buddha’s life were not written down until hundreds of years after his death. What are the Three Jewels? The Sangha: community of monks and nuns (monastic) The Dharma: the teachings of the Buddha The Buddha Who do Mahayanists offer devotion to? They devote themselves to meditation full-time. Why is the koan practiced? It is used to break down thought patterns; it’s a verbal puzzle or riddle that’s not meant to be solved. Which sect of Zen Buddhism believes that enlightenment (satori) is instantaneous? The Rinzai believe that enlightenment is instantaneous. What are the two sects of Zen Buddhism? Rinzai: believes that enlightenment is instantaneous and that Zen training begins after one’s first enlightenment (satori) Soto: believe that enlightenment is a more gradual process. What are the Three sects of Buddhism that we learned about in class? Theravada: The Way of the Elders, original sect, “the Lesser Vehicle,” emphasis on meditation to attain enlightenment, found in southeast Asia and Sri Lanka. Mahayana: The “Greater Vehicle,” achieves enlightenment through meditation, central belief that Buddha would not pass completely into Nirvana until every person, every blade of grass had also reached enlightenment. Can also receive enlightenment like a gift from the Buddha. Offer devotion to Bodhisattvas (others who achieved enlightenment), also include the Zen tradition. Buddha-hood is more important than achieving Nirvana according to a Mahayanist Vajrayana: The “diamond vehicle,” found in Tibet, influenced by the Bon religion native to Tibet, seeks to acquire and channel energy to cut apart what binds us to this world (known as tantra). Which sect is the original Buddhism? Theravada is the original sect of Buddhism. Which sect uses tantras to harness and channel energy? Vajrayana uses tantras to harness and channel energy. What are the three tantras? These practices to utilize energy include: Mandalas (art), Mudras (hand gestures), and Mantras (chanted syllables or prayers) In Zen Buddhism, is satori permanent? No, it can be lost once it has been achieved, you have to keep working for it once you have it. What does dharma mean in Buddhism? Dharma is the teachings of the Buddha and is one of the three jewels. Is dharma the same in Buddhism as it is in Hinduism? No, in Hinduism its one’s righteous duty while in Buddhism its the teachings of the Buddha. Is Buddha a god? No, Buddha is a regular man. Is enlightenment a solitary process, not dependent on the divine? Yes, it is a solitary process; Buddhism does not depend on a revelation from the divine for its truths. What is the Sangha? The first Buddhist monastic community, both men and women. To be part of the Sangha one must understand that everything depends on something else. Everything is interconnected. Which sect is the Diamond Vehicle? Vajrayana is the diamond vehicle. Which sect is the Lesser Vehicle? Theravada is the lesser vehicle. Which sect is the Greater Vehicle? Mahayana is the the greater vehicle. Who practices the first five Precepts of Buddhism? All Buddhists must follow the first five Precepts of Buddhism. What are the four passing sights, which one gave Gautama hope? He meets a decrepit old man—had never seen old age, everyone gets old He sees a diseased man, “How can life be enjoyed, if disease is all around?” Encounters a corpse, witnessing death for the first time, “How do you continue to go on living if it only ends in death?” Finally he meets an ascetic, a religious man who chose to be homeless living a life of solitude and self-denial. This was the sight that gave him hope. Which class and status was Gautama born into? He was born a prince (Luxury; warriors) When (what did he discover) did Gautama gain enlightenment? He discovered the four noble truths To live is to suffer (Dukkha–means suffering) Suffering is caused by desire (Tanha in Pali) Suffering can be ended, brought about by the cessation of desire. End desire, end suffering. Have there been other Buddhas and will there be more? Yes How does a Buddhist attain salvation? Following the noble eight fold path. What did Gautama find when he looked deep inside himself? He became aware of his own previous lifetimes, seeing his death and rebirths and constant suffering. What are the Three Marks of Existence, and what do they summarize? Anatta: no self, no ultimate reality within Anicca: means impermanence/change, all things are changing, things always fleeting—person always unsatisfied Dukkha: means suffering, only real inevitability in life. What does taking refuge in the Three Jewels mean? Involves repeating a ritual formula 3 times. Amounting to a formal acknowledgement of the authority of the three Jewels and indicates a definite commitment to being a Buddhist The easiest way to describe the Noble Eightfold Path would be to say that it promotes a life of moderation which entails ongoing practices. How one frees oneself from desire What is NOT a part of the Noble Eightfold Path? Which sect of Buddhism comes from the Indian dhyana tradition which means meditation? Zen Buddhism What is the largest division of Buddhism? Mahayana Which sect is also known as Tibetan Buddhism? Vajrayana What is the Awakened One? The Buddha Which sect is known as the school of Sudden Awakening? Zen Buddhism (rinzai) Eternal Bliss in Buddhism is called? Nirvana Who is the Head of the Vajrayana Buddhist clergy? Dalai Lama What are choreographed hand movements in Buddhism called? Mudras What is zazen? Posture; lotus position with half opened eyes directed downward What is the Dokusan? Monks meet with their teachers who pose a koan to them. What is a mantra? Chanted syllables or prayers (oommmmmm) What is a koan? Special riddle which is meant to free the person from the confines of logic. What are mandalas? Elaborate sand paintings created in a state of utter mindfulness What are the Four Noble Truths and what is the significance of these truths? To live is to suffer. The basic reality of life: Life is suffering (Dukkha–means suffering) Suffering is caused by desire. It is called “tanha” in Pali. Suffering can be brought to cessation, to an end. The cessation of suffering is brought about by the cessation of desire. End desire, end suffering. The solution for suffering is the Noble Eightfold Path. This is the remedy to cure suffering. Why does the Buddha condemn attachments, even between family members? Clinging to them is a source of suffering s

Ch. 12 - Chemotherapeutic Agents: Chemical Control Inside the Host