[11.07] Dealing with the Elderly V2.pdf

Literature Final Exam Study Guide The Wednesday Wars by The Wednesday Wars Author * Written by Gary D. Schmidt Protagonist * Holling Hoodhood * A seventh-grade student. * Feels misunderstood by his father and teacher. * Learns responsibility, courage, and empathy throughout the novel. Setting (Time and Place) * Time: 1967–1968 during the Vietnam War era. * Place: Long Island, New York (fictional town of Camillo Junior High). Main Characters & Roles Mrs. Baker * Holling’s teacher. * At first Holling thinks she hates him. * Eventually becomes a mentor and supporter. * Makes Holling read Shakespeare. Danny Hupfer * Holling’s friend. * Funny and loyal. Meryl Lee Kowalski * Holling’s classmate and friend. * Kind and supportive. * Performs in plays with Holling. Mai Thi * Vietnamese refugee student. * Symbolizes the effects of the Vietnam War. Mr. Hoodhood * Holling’s father. * Strict and focused on business reputation. * Has a strained relationship with Holling. Heather Hoodhood * Holling’s sister. * Becomes involved in anti-war protests. * Supportive of Holling. ⸻ Major Events in the Novel Shakespeare Lessons * Holling spends Wednesday afternoons with Mrs. Baker reading Shakespeare. * The lessons connect to events in Holling’s life. Field Trips & School Events * School activities often become embarrassing or chaotic for Holling. Cross-Country Running * Holling discovers confidence and talent through running. The Play * Holling acts in Shakespeare performances. * Learns teamwork and self-confidence. Rats in the School * Holling must help catch escaped rats. * Creates funny and stressful situations. Vietnam War Connections * Mai Thi’s family and soldiers from the town show the war’s impact. Bonding with Mrs. Baker * Their relationship changes from distrust to respect and care. Family Tension * Holling struggles with his father’s expectations and lack of emotional support. ⸻ Holling and His Father * Mr. Hoodhood values business success more than Holling’s feelings. * Holling feels pressured to obey and succeed. * Their relationship is strained because: * Mr. Hoodhood rarely listens to Holling. * He cares deeply about appearances and business deals. * Holling wants independence and understanding. * By the end, Holling grows stronger and more confident despite his father’s pressure. ⸻ To Kill a Mockingbird by To Kill a Mockingbird Author * Written by Harper Lee Setting * Place: Maycomb, Alabama. * Time: The 1930s during the Great Depression. How Many Years Does the Book Cover? * About 3 years. What Happened to Scout’s Mom? * Scout’s mother died when Scout was very young. Town Sheriff * Heck Tate is the sheriff of Maycomb. ⸻ Important Characters Scout Finch * Narrator and main character. * Curious, intelligent, and tomboyish. Jem Finch * Scout’s older brother. * Matures throughout the novel. Atticus Finch * Scout and Jem’s father. * Lawyer who defends Tom Robinson. * Symbol of morality and justice. Walter Cunningham * Poor but honorable boy from the Cunningham family. Boo Radley * Reclusive neighbor. * Secretly watches over Jem and Scout. * Saves them at the end. Miss Maudie * Wise and kind neighbor. * Supports Atticus. Heck Tate * Sheriff of Maycomb. * Protects Boo Radley at the end. Mrs. Dubose * Elderly woman with a bad temper. * Secretly fighting morphine addiction. Mr. Link Deas * Tom Robinson’s employer. * Defends Tom’s character. Uncle Jack * Atticus’s brother. * Doctor. Dolphus Raymond * Pretends to be drunk to give society an explanation for his lifestyle. Bob Ewell * Racist and abusive father of Mayella. * Main antagonist. Mayella Ewell * Accuses Tom Robinson of assault. * Lonely and abused. Little Chuck Little * Student who helps Scout understand school rules. Lula * Woman at First Purchase Church who questions Scout and Jem being there. Zeebo * Calpurnia’s son. * Leads singing at church. Cousin Francis * Insults Atticus, causing Scout to fight him. Mr. Underwood * Newspaper editor who supports justice. Burris Ewell * Dirty and rude Ewell child. * Bullies the teacher. ⸻ Major Events & Important Questions Atticus’ Final Arguments * Atticus argues Tom Robinson is innocent. * Explains the Ewells are lying. * Says prejudice influenced the case. Tom Robinson and Mayella * Mayella kissed Tom Robinson. * Bob Ewell saw this and became angry. * Tom was falsely accused because of racism. Why Jem Destroys Mrs. Dubose’s Camellias * Mrs. Dubose insults Atticus. * Jem becomes angry and destroys her flowers. Why Jem Goes to Mrs. Dubose’s House * As punishment, Jem must read to her daily. * He learns about courage and addiction. Jem and Scout in the Courtroom * They secretly watch Tom Robinson’s trial from the balcony with the Black community. Mr. Cunningham at the Jail * A mob tries to hurt Tom Robinson. * Scout talks politely to Mr. Cunningham. * The mob leaves peacefully. Who Scout Confides In After a Fight * Scout often talks with Atticus or Miss Maudie after problems. What Happens on Christmas Day at Finch’s Landing * Scout fights Cousin Francis after he insults Atticus. Crimes Bob Ewell Has Committed * Abuse, lying under oath, intimidation, and attacking Jem and Scout. Why Is It a Sin to Kill Mockingbirds? * Mockingbirds symbolize innocence. * They do no harm and only bring beauty. Characters That Symbolize Mockingbirds * Tom Robinson * Boo Radley * Sometimes Scout and Jem Who Saves Jem and Scout? * Boo Radley saves them from Bob Ewell. What Happens to Tom Robinson? * He is convicted unfairly. * Later shot and killed while trying to escape prison. Tom Robinson Trial * Shows racism and injustice in Maycomb. * Despite evidence of innocence, Tom is convicted. Why Miss Maudie Moves in with Miss Stephanie * Miss Maudie’s house burns down. Scout’s Halloween Costume * She wears a ham costume. Symbolic Significance of the Mockingbird * Represents innocent people harmed by evil or prejudice. * Main theme: protect innocence and goodness. ⸻ Important Themes for Both Novels Courage * Standing up for what is right even when it is difficult. Growing Up * Characters learn maturity and understanding. Prejudice and Judgment * Both novels explore unfair assumptions about people. Family Relationships * Parent-child relationships strongly affect the characters. Empathy * Understanding others’ perspectives is important in both stories

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The Giver * Jonas feels frightened after seeing an aircraft fly over the community. * The community has very strict rules. * Families share feelings every day. * Jonas lives with Mother, Father, and Lily. * We learn about the “Ceremony of Twelve.” Chapter 2 * Parents explain the Ceremony of Twelve to Jonas. * At age 12, children receive their life assignments. * Jonas worries about what assignment he will get. * Father works with newborn babies. * The community values sameness and order. Chapter 3 * Jonas notices something strange about Gabriel’s eyes — they are pale like his own. * Jonas briefly sees an apple change color. * Father secretly brings Gabriel home for extra care. * Jonas begins noticing differences others do not. Chapter 4 * Jonas volunteers at the House of the Old. * He helps bathe an elderly woman named Larissa. * Larissa talks happily about “release.” * Jonas thinks release is a positive ceremony. Chapter 5 * Families discuss dreams in the morning. * Jonas has a dream about Fiona and realizes he is having “Stirrings.” * His mother gives him pills to stop these feelings. * The community controls emotions and attraction. Chapter 6 * The Ceremony begins. * Different age groups receive new responsibilities. * Children move to new stages of life. * Jonas becomes nervous waiting for his assignment. Chapter 7 * The Chief Elder skips Jonas during the Ceremony of Twelve. * Jonas feels embarrassed and afraid. * The community reacts silently. * The Chief Elder says Jonas was not forgotten. Chapter 8 * Jonas is selected as the new Receiver of Memory. * The Receiver is the most honored role in the community. * Jonas is told he has intelligence, integrity, courage, and wisdom. * Previous Receiver-in-training failed 10 years earlier. Chapter 9 * Jonas receives special rules: * He may lie. * He is exempt from rudeness rules. * He cannot discuss training. * He may ask any question. * Jonas becomes frightened by the power of his role. Chapter 10 * Jonas goes to the Annex behind the House of the Old. * He meets the Receiver, who asks Jonas to call him “The Giver.” * The room contains books, unlike the rest of the community. * Jonas begins his training. Chapter 11 * The Giver gives Jonas his first memory: snow and sledding. * Jonas experiences real pain and pleasure for the first time. * He learns his community removed memories to avoid suffering. * Jonas now understands snow, hills, and sunshine are real things from the past

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