APAH - LAST JUDGEMENT OF HU-NEFER

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Lasater Clinical Judgment Rubric: Key Concepts and Performance Levels

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Unit 2: Ancient Mediterranean, 3500 BCE–300 CE (copy)

Unit 2: Ancient Mediterranean, 3500 BCE–300 CE (ANE, Egypt, etc.)

Untitled Flashcards Set

Legislation Notes on Default Judgment and Summary Judgment

Yes. I’d add a short Artistic Terms line to each card so you can use the right AP Art History vocabulary in the essay. White Temple and its Ziggurat ID: White Temple and its Ziggurat, Sumerian, Uruk, c. 3500–3000 BCE, mud brick. Contextual Fact 1: Sumerian city-states were organized around patron gods, and the White Temple was probably dedicated to Anu, the sky god. Contextual Fact 2: Priests held major religious, economic, and political authority because temples controlled offerings and resources. Specific Feature 1: The temple sits on a massive ziggurat, elevating it above the city. Specific Feature 2: It uses a bent-axis approach, meaning visitors had to turn before entering the sacred space. Artistic Terms: * Ziggurat: stepped platform that elevates a temple * Bent-axis approach: indirect entrance requiring a change in direction * Monumental scale: extremely large size used to communicate importance or power Analytical Connection: The elevation and controlled access separated the sacred from everyday life and reinforced the power of priests. Possible Thesis: The White Temple and its Ziggurat reflects the central role of religion in Sumerian society because its monumental elevation and restricted access emphasized both the power of the gods and the authority of the priesthood. ⸻ Code of Hammurabi ID: Code of Hammurabi, Babylonian, c. 1792–1750 BCE, basalt stele. Contextual Fact 1: Hammurabi used written laws to regulate his growing empire. Contextual Fact 2: Babylonian rulers claimed divine support to legitimize their political authority. Specific Feature 1: Hammurabi stands before Shamash, god of justice, who gives him symbols of authority. Specific Feature 2: Hundreds of laws are carved below in cuneiform. Artistic Terms: * Relief sculpture: figures project from a flat background * Hierarchy of scale: more important figures are represented larger * Stele: upright stone slab used for inscriptions or commemoration * Registers: horizontal bands used to organize images or text Analytical Connection: Hammurabi’s large scale and direct interaction with Shamash suggest divine approval of his rule and laws. Possible Thesis: The Code of Hammurabi uses hierarchy of scale, relief sculpture, and divine imagery to legitimize Hammurabi’s authority and reinforce Babylonian social and political order. ⸻ Great Pyramids and Great Sphinx ID: Great Pyramids of Giza and Great Sphinx, Old Kingdom Egypt, c. 2550–2490 BCE. Contextual Fact 1: Egyptians believed the pharaoh was a divine ruler responsible for maintaining ma’at. Contextual Fact 2: Egyptians believed the pharaoh continued into the afterlife and therefore needed a permanent tomb. Specific Feature 1: The pyramids are massive stone tombs built for Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure. Specific Feature 2: The Great Sphinx combines a royal human head with a lion’s body. Artistic Terms: * Monumental architecture: extremely large architecture meant to communicate power * Idealization: representing a ruler in a perfected, timeless form * Composite creature: figure made from parts of different beings, like the human-lion Sphinx * Axial planning: structures arranged along a clear directional line Analytical Connection: Monumental scale and durable stone emphasize the pharaoh’s eternal power, while the Sphinx’s lion body symbolizes royal strength. Possible Thesis: The Great Pyramids and Great Sphinx use monumental scale, idealized royal imagery, and permanent materials to express Egyptian beliefs in divine kingship and eternal life. ⸻ Akhenaten, Nefertiti, and Three Daughters ID: Akhenaten, Nefertiti, and Three Daughters, New Kingdom Egypt, Amarna Period, c. 1353–1335 BCE, limestone. Contextual Fact 1: Akhenaten promoted the worship of the Aten and weakened the traditional cult of Amun. Contextual Fact 2: Amarna-period art broke from traditional Egyptian artistic conventions. Specific Feature 1: Rays from the Aten end in hands and extend toward the royal family. Specific Feature 2: The figures have elongated heads, curved bodies, and are shown in an intimate family scene. Artistic Terms: * Sunken relief: figures and lines are carved into the surface rather than projecting outward * Amarna style: elongated, curving, and more naturalistic representation associated with Akhenaten * Twisted perspective / composite view: body shown using multiple viewpoints, such as profile head with frontal torso * Hierarchy of scale: important figures appear larger than less important ones Analytical Connection: The sunken relief and unusual Amarna style distinguish Akhenaten’s reign from traditional Egyptian art, while the Aten’s rays emphasize the royal family’s direct relationship with the god. Possible Thesis: Akhenaten, Nefertiti, and Three Daughters uses sunken relief, intimate imagery, and the distinctive Amarna style to communicate Akhenaten’s religious revolution and the royal family’s privileged connection to Aten. ⸻ Last Judgment of Hunefer ID: Last Judgment of Hunefer, Book of the Dead of Hunefer, New Kingdom Egypt, c. 1275 BCE, painted papyrus. Contextual Fact 1: Egyptians believed the heart was judged against the feather of Ma’at after death. Contextual Fact 2: Books of the Dead contained images and spells designed to help the deceased enter the afterlife. Specific Feature 1: Anubis weighs Hunefer’s heart while Ammit waits to devour it if he fails. Specific Feature 2: Thoth records the judgment and Hunefer is later presented to Osiris. Artistic Terms: * Twisted perspective / composite view: head and legs shown in profile while torso is shown frontally * Hierarchy of scale: important figures, especially gods, are emphasized through size * Registers: horizontal bands organize the narrative * Hieroglyphs: pictorial writing incorporated into the artwork * Continuous narrative: the same person appears multiple times to show different moments in a story Analytical Connection: The registers and continuous narrative clearly explain each stage of Hunefer’s judgment, while composite view follows traditional Egyptian conventions. Possible Thesis: The Last Judgment of Hunefer uses registers, composite view, hierarchy of scale, and continuous narrative to clearly communicate Egyptian beliefs about ma’at, divine judgment, and the journey into the afterlife.

Clinical Judgment

Summary Judgment

Clinical Judgment