AP kinetics test

one difference between first and second order reactions is that

• the half life of a first order reaction doesn’t depend on the initial concentration of the selected reactant & the half life of a second order reaction does depend on the initial concentration of the selected reactant

in the energy profile of a reaction, the species that exsists at the maximum on the curve is called the…

• activated complex

in a reaction, the substance with the highest coefficient…

• appears/dissapears the fastest out of all the other substance

the rate constant of a first order reaction should have the unit

• time (usually seconds) to the negative 1 power

for a second order reaction

• the rate of the reaction increases by a factor of 4 (is multiplied by 4) if the concentration of the selected reactant is doubled

• also, you can only use the 1/[A]t equation for this type of reaction

for a first order reaction

• a plot of the natural log of the concentration of a selected reactant at time t versus time is linear

for a truly first order reaction

• the slope of the graph (ln(A) versus time) is -k

for a first order reaction with only one reactant

• you must find the rate constant for this reaction by using the In[A]t equation

the total

Factors affecting rate (by speeding up or slowing down reacting rate)

• Concentration of reactants

• Temperature; in most cases, higher Temp = faster reaction rate

• Presence of catalyst

• Surface area or physical state