APUSH Unit 2 Part 1

encomienda system

Spanish labor system in which landlord was permitted to exploit labor of Indians; led to abuse/killing off of Indians and switch to African slaves

Samuel de Champlain

he established Quebec in 1608 on St. Lawrence River

Henry Hudson

Englishman who explored present-day NYC area in 1609 for the Dutch

New Amsterdam

Dutch colony on Manhattan Island founded in 1626; later became New York when English took over

Virginia Company

English joint stock company chartered to colonize North America between 34th and 45th parallels;

House of Burgesses

1st legislative body in the colonies (Virginia); example of English self-government

Head-right system

system in which colonists received 50 acres of land for each person whose passage to Virginia he financed

Toleration Act of 1649

granted freedom of worship to all Christians in Maryland (but not Jews); example of early religious toleration

Plymouth

New England colony founded by Pilgrims (Separatists) seeking freedom from religious persecution in England

William Penn

Quaker founder of Pennsylvania who was tolerant of Indians and other faiths (including Jews)

coureurs de bois

French fur traders who often intermarried with Native Americans

Jesuits

Catholic missionaries in Americas; often followed French and Spanish settlers

Quebec

first permanent French settlement in North America

Massachusetts Bay

New England colony founded by Puritans

John Rolfe

he helped save Jamestown by importing tobacco into the colony

indentured servitude

labor system in which a landowner paid for the Atlantic passage of the servant, who in turn paid off the debt with years of service

Quakers

religious group that established Pennsylvania