APUSH Unit 10 Quiz

Red Scare

Developed in America in 1919 as __a result of communism teaching that capitalism was evil__, and the __worker’s revolutions would soon break out in highly industrialized countries like the US__

* Americans were not just __opposed to the idea of communism__, but that many Americans __began to see everything wrong in American society__
* __**Xenophobia**__- fear of anything which is perceived as being __foreign or strange__

Immigration Restriction

A federal law that __limited the annual number of immigrants who could be admitted from any country__ to 2% of the number of people from that country who were already living in the United States as of the 1890 census

* __**Emergency Quota Act**__
* __**National Origins Act**__

Scopes Trial

* In 1925, __William Jennings Bryan__ assisted a group in Tennessee in drafting a bill that would __outlaw the teaching of evolution in the state__
* The American Civil Liberties Union offered to assist any teacher who would __challenge this law__, and __John Scopes volunteered__
* __Scopes__ was __found guilty and fined__
* The real drama of the trial was when __Darrow__ (Scope’s lawyer) __questioned Bryan, who took the stand as an “expert on the Bible”__
* __Bryan__ seriously discredited the entire cause of creationism when he __**admitted on the stand that he personally did not take every fact found in the Bible literally**__

Charles Lindbergh

An American aviator who made history as the __first person to fly solo across the Atlantic__

* An instant international hero, Lindbergh's reputation was __later tarnished by the anti-Semitic views he voiced during World War II__

Flappers

Typical __symbol of the Jazz Age__

* Young __girls__ with __short hair, a short hemline, a cigarette in her hand, and makeup__
* Portrayed women as sex objects; as a result, in the eyes of many Americans, __women lost their respected position as moral leaders of the family__

20s Literature/Lost Generation

Most famous novelists of the era __wrote of deep feelings of alienation from mainstream American culture__

* These writers __turned their backs on the business culture and the Republican political culture of the era__
* __Sinclair Lewis__
* Sherwood Anderson
* F. Scott Fitzgerald
* __Ernest Hemingway__

Andrew Mellon

Known as the __“richest man in America”, was appointed by Harding as secretary of treasury__

* Firmly __believed in the traditional Republican tenet that very low taxes would ultimately encourage business investment and ensure economic prosperity__
* Sought to __reduce gov. spending in any way possible,__ and to __reduce taxes__, especially for the wealthier business classes

Tea Pot Dome

The __worst scandal of the Harding Administration__

* Secretary of the Interior, __Albert Fall, maneuvered to have two oil deposits put under the jurisdiction of the Dep. of the Interior__
* One of these was a reverse in Wyoming called Teapot Dome
* Fall then __leased these reserves to private companies and got large sums of money__ from them for doing it
* Fall was __convicted and finally sent to prison in 1929__

Election of 1928

* Republican- __Herbert Hoover__
* Emphasized the achievements of past Republican administrations that had created prosperity and the possibilities for success achievable through rugged individualism
* Democrat- __Al Smith__
* An opponent of Prohibition and a Catholic
* Was a __**landslide for Hoover**__, with Smith only winning eight states

Reasons for the Stock Market Crash

Millions of people __invested their savings__ or borrowed money to buy stocks, __pushing prices to unsustainable levels__

Bonus Army

A group of almost 20,000 __World War I veterans who were hard-hit victims of the depression, who wanted what the government owed them for their services and "saving" democracy__

* They marched to Washington and set up public camps and erected shacks on vacant lots.

Reasons for Prohibition and why did it fail

* __Believed it would reduce crime and corruption__, solve social problems, reduce the tax burden, and improve health and hygiene
* Temperance Movement
* Statistics from 1924 indicated that 95% of citizens in Kansas were obeying the Prohibition law, while the figure was close to 5% in NY
* __The enforcement of Prohibition in a city like NY would have been virtually impossible__

Impact of the automobile

__Created jobs throughout the country and played a large role in sustaining the economic prosperity__ of the 1920s

* __Assembly Lines__ made a __huge impact__ on __automobile manufacturing__

The Coolidge Administration differs from Harding’s

* The __Harding administration__ may have been the __most scandal-ridden administration in American political history__
* American business leaders could have had __no better friend in the White House than Calvin Coolidge__

What did Hoover do to ease the effects of the Stock Market Crash

__The New Deal__ ( 3 R’s)

* __**Relief**__ for the __unemployed__
* __**Recover**__ for __businesses__
* __**Reform**__ of __economic institutions__

Harding’s "Return to Normalcy"

The U.S. will convert __back to a post-WWI domestic economy__

Harlem Renaissance

A __cultural__ explosion of __African Americans music, art and literature__