acid
proton or H+ donor
weak acid
partially dissociates in an aqueous solution
strong acid
full dissociates in an aqueous solution
hydrochloric acid
HCl
sulphuric acid
H2SO4
nitric acid
HNO3
ethanoic acid
CH3COOH
alkali
a base that dissolves in water releasing OH- ions
strong alkali
OH- is part of the formula
weak alkali
react with water to form OH- ions
standard solution
a solution of a known concentration
titrations
used to accurately measure the volume of one solution that reacts exactly with a known volume of another solution
oxidation number
based off a set of rules that apply to atoms and can be thought of as the number of electrons involved in bonding to a different element
redox reaction
a reaction that involves both oxidation and reduction
reduction
decrease in terms of oxidation number
oxidation
gain in terms of oxidation number
base
neutralises an acid to form a salt
ionic equation
contains only the ions that take part in the reaction, excludes spectator ions