longitude
the Prime Meridian is a line of _______
latitude
the equator is a line of ________
parallels
lines of latitude are also known as _________
meridians
lines of longitude are also known as _________
east, west, north, south
lines of latitude run ______ to ______ and measure degrees _________ and ________
north, south, east, and west
lines of longitude run _______ to _________ and measure degrees _________ and _________
0-90
lines of latitude measure distance ____-____°
0-180
lines of longitude measure distance ____-____°
90
the north pole is at ______°N
90
the south pole is at ___°S
23.5, N
the Tropic of Cancer is at __°
23.5, S
the Tropic of Capricorn is at _°
location, place, region, movement, human-environment interaction
what are the 5 themes of geography?
absolute location
the exact location of a place on Earth
relative location
Gives the location of a place in relation to another
human, physical
place has both _____ and ________ characteristics
human characteristics
in a place - the human-made parts of life
physical characteristics
in a place - the natural parts of earth
movement
How people, place, and ideas can move
region
An area that is grouped together based on common characteristics
Human Environment Interaction
How humans adapt and interact with their environment
adapt, depend, modify
what are the three types of human environment interaction?
physical map
TYPES OF MAPS:shows the topography of a location
thematic map
TYPES OF MAPS:shows the theme of a map
political map
TYPES OF MAPS:shows the human-made features of a location
flow-line map
TYPES OF MAPS:illustrates the movement of people, goods, animals, or ideas
mental map
TYPES OF MAPS:drawn map of someone's perception of a place
title
PARTS OF A MAP:tells the content of a map
key/legend
PARTS OF A MAP:describes the meaning of symbols on a map
compass rose
PARTS OF A MAP:shows direction on a map
north, south, east, west
what are the cardinal directions?
Northeast, Northwest, Southeast, Southwest
what are the intermediate directions?
map projections
cause distortions on a map (affects size, shape, distance, area, direction)
geo-literacy
Pattern in which a geographer will find an answer to a question
plate tectonics
The physical processes that create many of the Earth's physical features
1
plates move about ___ inch per year
pangea
Name of the large, single continent
continental drift
Millions of years ago the Earth was one large continent that eventually divided and slowly drifted apart
convergent
PLATE BOUNDARIES:two plates collides and push land upward creating mountains
subduction
PLATE BOUNDARIES: plates slide underneath each other forming volcanoes and earthquakes
divergent
PLATE BOUNDARIES:plates move apart and magma moves up through the cracks forming new crust
transform
PLATE BOUNDARIES:plates slide past each other creating a crack and causing earthquakes
weathering
Breaks down rock into smaller pieces called settlement
erosion
A slow process that occurs when materials are moved by wind, water, or ice
mechanical
TYPES OF WEATHERING:-construction, minimg, or drilling-tree roots that split concrete
chemical
TYPES OF WEATHERING:change in composition of a rock
wind erosion
TYPES OF EROSION:-Transport sediments to a new location-Landforms and dunes can be formed
water erosion
TYPES OF EROSION:washes away landscapes such as beaches and coastal regions
earthquakes
Sudden violent movement of tectonic plates along fault lines
Volcanoes
Mountains formed by lava, or magma, which breaks through the Earth's crust
ring of fire
One of the most prone areas on Earth for tectonic activity
hydrosphere
FOUR SPHERES:the watery areas of earth such as oceans and lakes
lithosphere
FOUR SPHERES:the uppermost layer of earth, the rocky portions such as mountains and volcanos
atmosphere
FOUR SPHERES:a layer of gas that surrounds the earth containing the air we breathe and protecting us from radiation
biosphere
FOUR SPHERES:the part of earth where life exists that is made up of the hydrosphere, lithosphere, and atmosphere
core
the innermost layer of the Earth made up of a super-hot but solid inner core and a super-hot liquid outer core
solid
the inner core is a ______
liquid
the outer core is a ______ that surrounds the inner core
mantle
a thick middle layer of the Earth's interior structure consisting of hot rock that is dense but flexible and drives earth's movement
crust
The outer layer of the Earth, a hard rocky shell forming the Earth's surface
east, west
Earth rotates around its axis from __________ to _______
23.5
Axis runs from the north to the south pole at a _____ degree tilt
24
A full rotation takes ____ hours and directly affects night and day
revolution
______ is the Earth's yearly trip around the sun
365¼
revolution takes _______ days to travel around the sun
solstice
Day in which the Sun is directly above the Tropic of Cancer or the Tropic of Capricorn
summer, winter
the solstice begins ______ or ______
equinox
Day in which the Sun is directly above the Equator
day, night
the equinox makes ______ and _______ equal
spring, fall
the equinox begins _____ or ______
leeward
the rain shadow effect causes dryness on the ______ side of the mountain
trade, prevailing
the rain shadow effect is caused by ______ and _____ winds
low/tropical
ZONES OF LATITUDE:lies between the Equator and the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn
low/tropical
ZONES OF LATITUDE:between 0-30 degrees North and South of the equator
mid/temperate
ZONES OF LATITUDE:lies between the tropics and the poles
mid/temperate
ZONES OF LATITUDE:lies between 30-60 degrees north and south
high/polar
ZONES OF LATITUDE:encircles the north and south pole
high/polar
ZONES OF LATITUDE:between 60-90 degrees
diagonally
wind patterns blow ______ due to Earth's tilt and rotation from west to east
Coriolis effect
Wind and air curves as it goes across Earth's surface
trade winds
WIND PATTERNS:prevailing winds in low latitudes
westerlies
WIND PATTERNS:prevailing winds in mid-latitudes
easterlies
WIND PATTERNS:winds found at the poles
poles
warm water flows toward the ______
Studied by 0 People