world geo- midterm

12/14/22

longitude

the Prime Meridian is a line of _______

latitude

the equator is a line of ________

parallels

lines of latitude are also known as _________

meridians

lines of longitude are also known as _________

east, west, north, south

lines of latitude run ______ to ______ and measure degrees _________ and ________

north, south, east, and west

lines of longitude run _______ to _________ and measure degrees _________ and _________

0-90

lines of latitude measure distance ____-____°

0-180

lines of longitude measure distance ____-____°

90

the north pole is at ______°N

90

the south pole is at ___°S

23.5, N

the Tropic of Cancer is at ____°__

23.5, S

the Tropic of Capricorn is at ___°__

location, place, region, movement, human-environment interaction

what are the 5 themes of geography?

absolute location

the exact location of a place on Earth

relative location

Gives the location of a place in relation to another

human, physical

place has both _____ and ________ characteristics

human characteristics

in a place - the human-made parts of life

physical characteristics

in a place - the natural parts of earth

movement

How people, place, and ideas can move

region

An area that is grouped together based on common characteristics

Human Environment Interaction

How humans adapt and interact with their environment

adapt, depend, modify

what are the three types of human environment interaction?

physical map

TYPES OF MAPS:shows the topography of a location

thematic map

TYPES OF MAPS:shows the theme of a map

political map

TYPES OF MAPS:shows the human-made features of a location

flow-line map

TYPES OF MAPS:illustrates the movement of people, goods, animals, or ideas

mental map

TYPES OF MAPS:drawn map of someone's perception of a place

title

PARTS OF A MAP:tells the content of a map

key/legend

PARTS OF A MAP:describes the meaning of symbols on a map

compass rose

PARTS OF A MAP:shows direction on a map

north, south, east, west

what are the cardinal directions?

Northeast, Northwest, Southeast, Southwest

what are the intermediate directions?

map projections

cause distortions on a map (affects size, shape, distance, area, direction)

geo-literacy

Pattern in which a geographer will find an answer to a question

plate tectonics

The physical processes that create many of the Earth's physical features

1

plates move about ___ inch per year

pangea

Name of the large, single continent

continental drift

Millions of years ago the Earth was one large continent that eventually divided and slowly drifted apart

convergent

PLATE BOUNDARIES:two plates collides and push land upward creating mountains

subduction

PLATE BOUNDARIES: plates slide underneath each other forming volcanoes and earthquakes

divergent

PLATE BOUNDARIES:plates move apart and magma moves up through the cracks forming new crust

transform

PLATE BOUNDARIES:plates slide past each other creating a crack and causing earthquakes

weathering

Breaks down rock into smaller pieces called settlement

erosion

A slow process that occurs when materials are moved by wind, water, or ice

mechanical

TYPES OF WEATHERING:-construction, minimg, or drilling-tree roots that split concrete

chemical

TYPES OF WEATHERING:change in composition of a rock

wind erosion

TYPES OF EROSION:-Transport sediments to a new location-Landforms and dunes can be formed

water erosion

TYPES OF EROSION:washes away landscapes such as beaches and coastal regions

earthquakes

Sudden violent movement of tectonic plates along fault lines

Volcanoes

Mountains formed by lava, or magma, which breaks through the Earth's crust

ring of fire

One of the most prone areas on Earth for tectonic activity

hydrosphere

FOUR SPHERES:the watery areas of earth such as oceans and lakes

lithosphere

FOUR SPHERES:the uppermost layer of earth, the rocky portions such as mountains and volcanos

atmosphere

FOUR SPHERES:a layer of gas that surrounds the earth containing the air we breathe and protecting us from radiation

biosphere

FOUR SPHERES:the part of earth where life exists that is made up of the hydrosphere, lithosphere, and atmosphere

core

the innermost layer of the Earth made up of a super-hot but solid inner core and a super-hot liquid outer core

solid

the inner core is a ______

liquid

the outer core is a ______ that surrounds the inner core

mantle

a thick middle layer of the Earth's interior structure consisting of hot rock that is dense but flexible and drives earth's movement

crust

The outer layer of the Earth, a hard rocky shell forming the Earth's surface

east, west

Earth rotates around its axis from __________ to _______

23.5

Axis runs from the north to the south pole at a _____ degree tilt

24

A full rotation takes ____ hours and directly affects night and day

revolution

\______ is the Earth's yearly trip around the sun

365¼

revolution takes _______ days to travel around the sun

solstice

Day in which the Sun is directly above the Tropic of Cancer or the Tropic of Capricorn

summer, winter

the solstice begins ______ or ______

equinox

Day in which the Sun is directly above the Equator

day, night

the equinox makes ______ and _______ equal

spring, fall

the equinox begins _____ or ______

leeward

the rain shadow effect causes dryness on the ______ side of the mountain

trade, prevailing

the rain shadow effect is caused by ______ and _____ winds

low/tropical

ZONES OF LATITUDE:lies between the Equator and the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn

low/tropical

ZONES OF LATITUDE:between 0-30 degrees North and South of the equator

mid/temperate

ZONES OF LATITUDE:lies between the tropics and the poles

mid/temperate

ZONES OF LATITUDE:lies between 30-60 degrees north and south

high/polar

ZONES OF LATITUDE:encircles the north and south pole

high/polar

ZONES OF LATITUDE:between 60-90 degrees

diagonally

wind patterns blow ______ due to Earth's tilt and rotation from west to east

Coriolis effect

Wind and air curves as it goes across Earth's surface

trade winds

WIND PATTERNS:prevailing winds in low latitudes

westerlies

WIND PATTERNS:prevailing winds in mid-latitudes

easterlies

WIND PATTERNS:winds found at the poles

poles

warm water flows toward the ______

equator

cool water flows toward the _________

weather

The condition of the atmosphere at a specific location and time

climate

Weather conditions over a long period

global warming

The gradual heating of Earth's surface that is caused by humans

greenhouse effect

A natural process of the Earth regulating its temperature

greenhouse effect

climate change is caused by the ________

culture

The way of life of a group of people

learned behavior

culture is a ________

culture

Blueprint of how a person is supposed to behave to be in that group

language

How people communicate information and experiences

monotheistic

belief in one God

polytheistic

belief in multiple gods

traditional

belief in nature

christianity, judaism, islam, hinduism, buddhism

what are the 5 major world religions?

Christianity, Islam, Judaism

What are the 3 monotheistic world religions?

Christianity

WORLD RELIGIONS:savior - Jesus