UCSP ALL

SOCIAL SCIENCE

SOCIAL SCIENCE

a branch of discipline or branch of science that deals with human behavior in its social and cultural aspects.

EMPIRICAL METHODS

Based on observation and experience rather than theory or pure logic.

EMPIRICAL METHODS

social scientists use what type of research methods?

SOCIOLOGY

comes from the word socius which means "group of partners" and logos which means "science or study of."

JOSEPH H. FICHTER

"Sociology is the scientific study of patterned, shared human behavior."

SOCIOLOGY

Deals with the study of groups and group of life.

• SOCIAL ORGANIZATION

• SOCIAL CHANGE AND DISORANIZATION

• HUMAN ECOLOGY

• POPULATION AND DEMOGRAPHY

BRANCHES OF SOCIOLOGY

SOCIAL ORGANIZATION

covers the study of various social institution, social groups, social stratification, social mobility, bureaucracy, ethnic groups and relation, and other related subjects.

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EXAMPLE OF SOCIAL ORGANIZATION

SOCIAL CHANGE AND DISORGANIZATION

includes the study in the change in culture and social relations and the disruption that may occur in the society.

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EXAMPLE OF SOCIAL CHANGE AND DISORGANIZATION

HUMAN ECOLOGY

studies the nature and behavior of a given population and its relationship to the group's present social institutions.

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EXAMPLE OF HUMAN ECOLOGY

POPULATION AND DEMOGRAPHY

the study of population number, composition, and quality as they influence the economic, political and social system.

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EXAMPLE OF POPULATION AND DEMOGRAPHY

AUGUSTE COMTE

• coined the term sociology

• Father of Positivism

• COURSE ON POSITIVIE PHILOSOPHY

• SYSTEM OF POSITIVE POLITY

WORKS OF AUGUSTE COMTE

• coined the term sociology

• Father of Positivism

AUGUSTE COMTE

KARL MARX

• wrote The Communist Manifesto with Friedrich Engels

• Father of Communism

• Historical Materialism

Talks about equality in society

what is THE COMMUNIST MANIFESTO ABOUT

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AN EXAMPLE OF THE COMMUNIST MANIFESTO

KARL MARX

he argued that history is the result of material conditions, rather than ideas.

• wrote The Communist Manifesto with Friedrich Engels

• Father of Communism

• Historical Materialism

KARL MARX

FRIEDRICH ENGELS

Karl Marx wrote The Communist Manifesto with

ÉMILE DURKHEIM

• was able to professionalize sociology which started in the University of Bordeaux in 1985

• the architect of modern social science with Max Weber

• The Division of Labor in Society

THE DIVISION OF LABOR IN SOCIETY

Tackles the transformation of a society from a primitive state into a capitalist industrial society

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AN EXAMPLE FOR THE DIVISION OF LABOR IN SOCIETY

MAX WEBER

• emphasized the role of rationalization in the development of society which refers to the disenchantment of the world.

• Disenchantment

DISENCHANTMENT

The cultural rationalization and devaluation of religion are apparent in modern society

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AN EXAMPLE OF DISENCHANTMENT

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HOW SIGNIFICANT IS SOCIOLOGY IN THE STUDY OF CULTURE, SOCIETY, AND POLITICS?

SIGNIFICANT OF SOCIOLOGY IN THE STUDY OF CULTURE, SOCIETY AND POLITICS

• It allows us to understand how different groups of people act the way they do, and also brings us into their cultures, heritage, and different.

• It also explains how culture plays a role in the way different groups act, and how it reflects on their society.

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AN EXAMPLE OF SIGNIFICANT OF SOCIOLOGY IN THE STUDY OF CULTURE, SOCIETY AND POLITICS

ANTHROPOLOGY

Comes from the Greek word Anthropos which means "man" and logos which means "science or study of."

ANTHROPOLOGY

• A discipline of infinite curiosity about human beings.

• A branch of knowledge which deals with the scientific study of man, his words, behavior, and value in time and space.

• BIOLOGICAL/PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY

• CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY

• LINGUISTIC ANTHROPOLOGY

• APPLIED ANTHROPOLOGY

• ARCHAEOLOGY

BRANCHES OF ANTHROPOLOGY

BIOLOGICAL/PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY

The study of humans as biological organisms, including their evolution and contemporary variation

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AN EXAMPLE OF BIOLOGICAL/PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY

CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY

• The study of people with their variations and progress in terms of culture.

• It also deals with the description and analysis of the forms and styles of social life of past and present ages.

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AN EXAMPLE OF CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY

LINGUISTIC ANTHROPOLOGY

• The study of language mainly but not exclusively among humans.

• It also deals with the study of communication's origins, history, and contemporary variation.

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AN EXAMPLE OF LINGUISTIC ANTHROPOLOGY

APPLIED ANTHROPOLOGY

• Emphasizes how the theories techniques and methods of anthropology can be employed to facilitate stability or change and solve problems in real-world situations.

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AN EXAMPLE OF APPLIED ANTHROPOLOGY

ARCHAEOLOGY

The study of past human cultures through their material remains. It is also the study of past human culture through the recovery and analysis of artifacts.

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AN EXAMPLE OF ARCHAEOLOGY

CHARLES DARWIN

• wrote the ON THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES

• Foundation of Anthropology

• developed the natural selection theory with ALFRED RUSSEL WALLACE

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NATURAL SELECTION THEORY

BRONISLAW MALINOWSKI

• developed the theory of PARTICIPANT OBSERVATION

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AN EXAMPLE OF PARTICIPANT OBSERVATION

FRANZ BOAS

• Father of American Anthropology

• Historical Particularism

Historical Particularism

the idea that each culture has its own particular and unique history that is not governed by universal laws

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AN EXAMPLE OF HISTORICAL PARTICULARISM

EDWARD B. TYLOR

PRIMITIVE CULTURE

EDWARD B. TYLOR

"Culture is that complex whole which includes knowledge, beliefs, arts, morals, law, custom, and all aspects of man as a member of society."

"Culture is that complex whole which includes knowledge, beliefs, arts, morals, law, custom, and all aspects of man as a member of society."

A QUOTE BY EDWARD B. TYLOR

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HOW SIGNIFICANT IS ANTHROPOLOGY IN THE STUDY OF CULTURE, SOCIETY, AND POLITICS?

SIGNIFICANT IS ANTHROPOLOGY IN THE STUDY OF CULTURE, SOCIETY, AND POLITICS

• It provides the possibility to study every aspect of human existence.

• It is the window into the unknown, hence, it provides the answer to our questions about ourselves, our past, present, and future.

• It helps to connect everyone from around the globe.

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AN EXAMPLE OF SIGNIFICANT IS ANTHROPOLOGY IN THE STUDY OF CULTURE, SOCIETY, AND POLITICS

POLITICAL SCIENCE

The word political comes from the Greek word polis means "city-state" and science comes from the Latin word scire which means "know."

POLITICAL SCIENCE

It is a classical discipline that deals with the study of political phenomena

POLITICAL SCIENCE

It focuses on the theory and practice of government and politics at the local, national and international levels

• POLITICAL THEORY OR POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY

• COMPARATIVE POLITICS

• INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

• POLITICAL BEHAVIOR

• PUBLIC POLICY

BRANCHES OF POLITICAL SCIENCE

POLITICAL THEORY OR POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY

• These are concepts and principles used to analyze political events and institutions.

• Is the study of topics such as politics, liberty, justice, property, rights, law, and the enforcement of laws by authority.

COMPARATIVE POLITICS

• Is the study of various political systems

CHINA USA JAPAN GERMANY GREAT BRITAIN RUSSIA CANADA

THE GREAT 7

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

• Is the study of the interaction of non-nation states and non-governmental organizations in fields such as politics, economics, and security

POLITICAL BEHAVIOR

• It explains the influences that define a person's political views, ideology, and levels of participation.

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AN EXAMPLE OF POLITICAL BEHAVIOR

PUBLIC POLICY

• Is defined as a system of laws, regulatory measures, courses of action, and funding priorities concerning a given topic promulgated by a governmental entity or its representatives.

→ Policy: involves the public or everyone. e.g., no smoking → Law: talks about justice and involves a particular group of people. e.g., a law about protecting the indigenous people, the SOGIE bill that protect the LGBTQ.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN POLICY AND LAW

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

• Is the planning, organizing, directing, coordinating, and controlling of government operations.

• Is often regarded as including also some responsibility for determining the notices and programs of government.

→ Public administration: aims to provide public service. → Private administration: aims to gain profit. For corporation. E.G., management of a small retail store

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE ADMINISTRATION

NICCOLO MACHIAVELLI

• wrote The Prince, GENEROUS, COMPASSION, AND

• SOCRATES

• PLATO

• ARISTOTLE

THREE MAJOR PHILOSOPHERS, THE BIG THREE ANCIENT GREEK PHILOSOPHERS

SOCRATES

• Greek philosopher from Athens.

• One of the founders of Western philosophy

• Was called the "street corner philosopher"

PLATO

• Athenian philosopher.

• Founder of the Platonist school of thought and the Academy.

• wrote the REPUBLIC

talks about the justice system. The philosopher would be KING.

what is THE REPUBLIC all about

ARISTOCLES

Plato's real name

ARISTOTLE

• Was a Greek philosopher who wrote on a wide range of subjects, including natural science, poetry, ethnics and geology.

• He is called the Father of Political Science

• wrote THE POLITICS

Government exists to promote and foster virtue with the intention of the community to create good citizens.

what is THE POLITICS all about

THE POLITICS

Government exists to promote and foster virtue with the intention of the community to create good citizens.

• ST. AUGUSTINE • THOMAS HOBBES • JOHN LOCKE • JEAN JACQUES ROUSSEAU

MODERN PHILOSOPHERS

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HOW SIGNIFICANT IS POLITICAL SCIENCE IN THE STUDY OF CULTURE, SOCIETY, AND POLITICS?

SIGNIFICANT IS POLITICAL SCIENCE IN THE STUDY OF CULTURE, SOCIETY, AND POLITICS

• Political scientists make use of sociological studies and methods when examining, for example, how small group dynamics affect the decision-making process, how people acquire and maintain power, and how political culture shapes our attitudes.

• Different countries have different political cultures, which can help us understand how and why their governments are organized in a certain way, why democracies succeed or fail, or why some countries still have monarchies.

SOCIOLOGY & ANTHROPOLOGY

both study human behavior and culture in order to understand the causes and consequences of human action.

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AN EXAMPLE SOCIOLOGY & ANTHROPOLOGY

SOCIOLOGY & POLITICAL SCIENCE

• We learn how power is distributed in the society; as well as democracy, oligarch, anarchy, a state of anomie and all.

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AN EXAMPLE OF SOCIOLOGY & POLITICAL SCIENCE

ANTHROPOLOGY & POLITICAL SCIENCE

• Both study current social issues and since the government is in which mankind structured the community will be interested in describing political system and how culture operates.

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AN EXAMPLE OF ANTHROPOLOGY & POLITICAL SCIENCE

ANTHROPOLOGY, SOCIOLOGY, & POLITICAL SCIENCE

use social theory to explain and interpret social phenomena. They are concerned with understanding human behavior and its social and cultural context.

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AN EXAMPLE OF ANTHROPOLOGY, SOCIOLOGY, & POLITICAL SCIENCE

WALTER RODNEY

• "Culture is the way of life" chuchu

• Guyanese political activists' historian.

CULTIVA, TO CULTIVATE

THE ROOT WORD OF CULTURE AND ITS MEANING

FACTORY SYSTEM

is a method of manufacturing using machinery and division of labor. Because of the high capital cost of machinery and factory buildings, factories are typically privately owned by wealthy individuals or corporations who employ the operative labor.

• WALDEN FLORES BELLO

• DANIEL BELL

• PIERRE BOURDIEU

NOTABLE 21ST CENTURY SOCIOLOGISTS

WALDEN FLORES BELLO

• is a Filipino academic, environmentalist, and social worker who served as a member of the House of Representative of the Philippines (AKBAYAN)

• he is a professor of Sociology and Public Administration at the University of the Philippines Diliman, as well as executive director of Focus on the Global South. [an organization that is anti-globalization]

• CAPITALISM'S LAST STAND?

• THE ANTI-DEVELOPMENT STATES

• THE FOOD WARS

• DEGLOBALIZATION

• Ideas for a New World Economy: Global Issues

WORKS OF WALDEN FLORES BELLO

CAPITALISM'S LAST STAND?

Deglobalization in the Age of Austerity