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What is cellular respiration?
Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, carbon dioxide, and water.
What is the equation for cellular respiration?
The equation is C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy (ATP).
What are the main stages of cellular respiration?
The three main stages are glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.
Where does glycolysis occur?
Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell.
What is produced during glycolysis?
Glycolysis produces 2 ATP, 2 NADH, and 2 pyruvate molecules.
Where does the Krebs cycle take place?
The Krebs cycle occurs in the mitochondria.
What are the main products of the Krebs cycle?
The Krebs cycle produces 2 ATP, 6 NADH, 2 FADH2, and 4 CO2 per glucose molecule.
What is the role of oxygen in cellular respiration?
Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain.
What is ATP?
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the energy currency of the cell.
What happens during the electron transport chain?
Electrons are transferred through proteins in the inner mitochondrial membrane, leading to the production of ATP.
How many ATP molecules are generated from one glucose molecule in cellular respiration?
Approximately 30 to 32 ATP molecules are generated from one glucose molecule.
What is anaerobic respiration?
Anaerobic respiration is the process of producing energy without oxygen.
What is lactic acid fermentation?
Lactic acid fermentation is the anaerobic process where glucose is converted into lactic acid and ATP.
What is alcoholic fermentation?
Alcoholic fermentation is the anaerobic process where glucose is converted into ethanol, carbon dioxide, and ATP.
What are NADH and FADH2?
NADH and FADH2 are electron carriers that transport electrons to the electron transport chain.
What is substrate-level phosphorylation?
Substrate-level phosphorylation is the direct production of ATP from ADP and a phosphorylated intermediate.
How does the pH of the mitochondrial matrix relate to the electron transport chain?
The pH gradient created by proton pumping during electron transport drives ATP synthesis.
What is the role of the inner mitochondrial membrane?
The inner mitochondrial membrane houses the proteins of the electron transport chain.
What is the chemical energy source used in cellular respiration?
Glucose is the primary chemical energy source used during cellular respiration.
How does exercise affect cellular respiration?
During exercise, the rate of cellular respiration increases to meet the higher energy demands of muscles.
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