PSC 130 FINAL

Patient KF’s deficits indicate

verbal & visual WM are dissociable

Strong organization when encoding

increases false memories

Forgetting is often due to

retrieval competition

Remember =

Recollection

Know =

Familiarity

Remember/Know “Remember” responses test

isolates recollection

Low frequency words =

more HITS

High frequency words =

more FALSE ALARMS

HIT =

RIGHT OLD

MISS =

WRONG NEW

FALSE ALARM =

WRONG OLD

CORRECT REJECTION =

RIGHT NEW

Recognition relies on familiarity because

it does not require recall

Familiarity supports

recognition

False alarm due to a similar lure suggest

reliance on familiarity

LAG-RECENCY EFFECT:

 after recalling an item, people are most likely to recall items encoded nearby in time

Delayed test and short ISI(interstimulus interval) produces

no LRE

PRIMACY EFFECT:

when the early items are remembered better on a free recall test

Released from PI when

material category changes

Transfer-appropriate processing:

memory performance depends on overlap between encoding and retrieval process

Transfer-appropriate processing best when

encoding matches retrieval demands

Relational encoding:

focus on relationship among items

example of relational encoding

sorting words into categories

Incidental encoding tasks are important for LoP theory to help

control encoding strategy

Span tasks:

measure storage

DLPFC is critical for

executive control

Using the same learning strategies across languages will result in

strategy transfer benefits

extinction occurs when the

conditioned stimulus is presented without the aversive event

memory consolidation

process that stabilizes memories over time

chronic stress can damage the

hippocampus

stress before retrieval

hurts

stress before learning

mixed effects

stress after retrieval

improves consolidation

implicit biases are often measured using

reaction time tasks

amygdala is important for

fear learning

Hippocampus is important for

contextual fear memories

Reconsolidation

when a memory becomes temporarily unstable

Two key hormones of emotional memories

norepinephrine and cortisol

short-term stress increases

encoding and consolidation

short-term stress decreases

retrieval

PTSD causes an overactive

amygdala

PTSD reduces the

hippocampus and prefrontal cortex