Polyatomic Ions and Ionic Compounds

These flashcards cover key concepts related to polyatomic ions, the octet rule, and ionic compounds as found in the lecture notes.

Polyatomic Ion

Ions formed from two or more atoms.

Cation

A positively charged ion, such as NH4+ (ammonium ion).

Anion

A negatively charged ion, such as CO3^2- (carbonate ion).

Octet Rule

Atoms gain, lose, or share valence electrons to achieve eight valence electrons.

Hydronium Ion

H3O+, formed when water protonates an acid.

Hydroxide Ion

OH-, a negatively charged ion.

Hydrogen Sulfate Ion

HSO4-, also known as bisulfate ion.

Carbonate Ion

CO3^2-, a polyatomic ion.

Phosphate Ion

PO4^3-, a polyatomic ion.

Hydrogen Carbonate Ion

HCO3-, also known as bicarbonate ion.

Oxide Ion

O2-, a negatively charged ion formed from oxygen.

Nitrate Ion

NO3-, a polyatomic ion.

Sulfate Ion

SO4^2-, a polyatomic ion.

Acetate Ion

CH3CO2-, a polyatomic ion.

Cyanide Ion

CN-, a negatively charged ion.

Electron Dot Structure

A representation showing valence electrons around an atom's nucleus.

Noble Gases

Group 8A elements known for their lack of reactivity.

Ionic Compound

A compound formed by the combination of cations and anions.

Chemical Changes

Transformations where atoms combine to form new compounds.

Stable Electron Configuration

An arrangement of electrons that provides stability, similar to noble gases.