Thermodynamics - CH 2

Energy

It is the capacity to produce an effect. It appears in many different forms, the fact that conversion can be made from one form to another.

Mass-Energy Relation

Albert Einstein states in his theory of relativity that "mass can be converted into energy and energy into mass.

Mass-Speed Relation

Albert Einstein states that when a body starts to move, there is a gain in mass, m. There is an effect of speed on the mass of the moving object.

Gravitational Potential Energy

______ _____ ____ of a body is its energy dues to its elevation or position.

Kinetic Energy

The energy or stored capacity for performing work possed by a moving body, by virtue of its momentum or called ______ _____.

Internal Energy

It is the energy stored within a body or substance by virtue of the activity and configuration of its molecules and of the vibration of atoms within the molecules.

Heat

It is the energy in transit (on the move) from one body or system to another solely because of the temperature difference between the bodies or systems.

Flow Work or Flow Energy

It is the work done in pushing a fluid across a boundary, usually into or out of a system.

Enthalpy

It is the composite property applicable to all fluids.

Closed system

It is one in which mass does not cross its boundaries.

Open System

It is one in which mass crosses its boundary.

Work

It is the product of the displacement of the body and the component of the force in the direction of the displacement. It is energy in transition; that is, it exists only when force is moving through a distance.

Work Nonflow

It represents the area below or under the curve of the PV diagram.

Expansion Work

Work is done by the pressure force of gas on piston.

Compression work

Work is done by a piston on gas.

What sign is work done "BY" the system?

Positive

What sign is work done "ON" the system?

negative

Work for Open system is called ___ ___ ____.

Work Steady Flow (Wsf)

Work Steady Flow

It represents the area behind the curve on the PV diagram.

Conservation of Energy

This law states that energy is neither created nor destroyed.

First Law of Thermodynamics

If energy can netither be created nor destroyed, then it can be transformed from one form to another.