American Pageant (14th Edition) Chapter 11

Aaron Burr

Man who was able to turn the swing state, New York, over to Jefferson. The third Vice President of the United States, serving during President Thomas Jefferson's first term.

Revolution of 1800

Nickname given to Jefferson's election. in which there was a peaceful transition of power and the Republicans became known as the "people's party."

Albert Gallatin

Secretary of the Treasury under the Jefferson administration. Despite little income, he managed to balance the budget and reduce the debt.

Judiciary Act of 1801

Created 16 new federal court districts.

Midnight Judges

People selected by President John Adams, who signed appointments up until midnight on his last day in office.

John Marshall

Supreme Court Chief Justice who was strong supporter of Federalist causes.

Marbury v Madison

First major Supreme Court case inwhich a law was struck down as unconstitutional.

Judicial Review

The power of the Court to review the constitutionality of laws and keep or strike them.

Samuel Chase

Associate Supreme Court Justice who became a target for the Republicans.

Barbary Pirates

People who were pirating American and European ships.

Stephen Decatur

A United States naval officer and commodore notable for his naval victories in the early 19th century.

Tripolitan War

Conflict between the United States and Tripoli (now in Libya), incited by American refusal to continue payment of tribute to the piratical rulers of the North African Barbary States of Algiers, Tunis, Morocco, and Tripoli.

Robert R. Livingston

Sent by Jefferson to France to make a deal to buy a small piece of Louisiana.

Toussaint Loverture

The best-known leader of the Haitian Revolution

Napoleon

A French military and political leader who needed quick cash due to planning a war on Europe. Decided to sell land to America known as the Louisiana Purchase.

Lewis and Clark

Two men who had an expedition of the western United States (ordered by Jefferson) to meet and befriend Indians and take notes of what they saw.

Zebulon Pike

Explored the Spanish owned areas of the American Southwest.

Admiral Horatio Lord Nelson

British Flag Officer whose fleet won at the battle of Trafalgar.

Orders in Council

These rules stated that any foreign (US) ship headed to France must first check-in at a British port for inspection.

Embargo Act

Act that forbade all exports to any nation, whether they were at war or not.

Non-Intercourse Act

Outlawed shipping to England and France only.

Macon's Bill No.2

Bill that was proposed to allow trade with other nations but also to exclusively reinstate trade with either England or France, whichever one pledged to drop its trade restrictions.

War Hawks

Congressmen from the West and South who pushed for war.

Henry Clay

A young 34-year-old man from Kentucky who was named Speaker of the House.

Tecumseh

A Native American leader of the Shawnee and a large tribal confederacy which opposed the United States during Tecumseh's War and became an ally of Britain in the War of 1812.

The Prophet

A religious Shawnee leader who worked to unite the Northwestern Indian tribes.

William Henry Harrison

Indian Governor who attacked and defeated the Shawnee the battle of Tippecanoe.

War of 1812

Military conflict that lasted from June 18, 1812 to February 18, 1815, fought between the United States of America and the United Kingdom, its North American colonies, and its Native American allies.

Impressment