US History Chapter 12

What did Southerners have to do under Lincoln’s reconstruction to receive a pardon?

Take an oath of loyalty to the Union and accept that slaves were now free

Who did Andrew Johnson blame for causing the Civil War?

Rich Planter elite

What did former Confederate states have to do before they elect people to Congress under the Republican’s Reconstruction plan?

Ratify the 14th Amendment

How did Andrew Johnson challenge the Tenure Office Act?

By firing the Secretary of War, Edwin Stanton, without the Senate’s approval

Why did many Republican senators join the Democrats in voting not to remove President Johnson from office?

They believed it would set a dangerous precedent

Why were some small farmers scalawags?

They didn’t want wealthy planters to regain power

What was the original goal of the KKK?

To drive out Union troops and regain control of the South for the democratic party

Why did Democrats say that sin taxes favored the rich?

They help the most bonds and the poor paid most of the taxes

When Hayes pulled federal troops out of the South, what did it end?

Reconstruction

Whose reconstruction plan called for reconciling with the South rather than punishing it?

Lincoln’s Ten-Percent plan

Which of the following was not a goal of the Radical Reconstruction plan?

\-Guaranteeing seats in Congress for African Americans

\-Preventing Confederate leaders from returning to power

\-Making the Republican Party a powerful institution in the South

\-Guaranteeing African Americans’ right to vote in the South

Guaranteeing seats in Congress for African Americans

Under Johnson’s Reconstruction plan, why did many members of Congress vote to reject the Representatives that Southern voters elected to Congress?

They were former Confederate leaders

How could President Johnson interfere with laws passed by the Republicans in Congress in 1866?

By refusing to enforce their laws

What was the main charge at President Johnson’s impeachment trial?

He had broken the law by refusing to uphold the Tenure Office Act

What did Ulysses S. Grant win several Southern states in the election of 1868?

African Americans the right to vote

Who were Northerners who moved to the South to take advantage of the war-torn region?

Carpetbaggers

What did Ulysses S. Grant believe the role of the president was?

To carry out laws

What was Horace Greeley’s party in his opposition to Grant’s reelection?

The Liberal Republicans

Why was there initially no clear winner in the election of 1876?

There was a widespread election fraud

What is amnesty?

(an official pardon for people who have been convicted of political offenses) - Lincoln’s plan offered it as a pardon to Southerners who abided by certain conditions

How did LIncoln block the Wade-Davis Bill?

With a pocket veto

What were freedmen?

Formerly enslaved African Americans

Carpetbaggers

Came from North to take advantage of business opportunities in South

Scalawags

Southerners who supported reconstitution

Graft

Gaining money illegally through politics

What was the secret society that was started in Pulaski, Tennessee in 1866?

Ku Klux Klan

What were sin taxes?

Taxes on alcohol and tobacco, and emergency measures introduced in civil war

What were sharecropers?

Tenant farmers who paid off crops to cover rent and other costs