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characterization
the process by which the writer reveals the personality of the character. This can be done though describing the character’s thoughts, feelings, or actions
conflict
a struggle or clash between opposing character, forces, or emotions
internal conflict
occurs when a character struggles with emotions, needs, or desires within himself
external conflict
occurs when a character struggles against some outside force
imagery
to use figurative language to represent objects, actons, and ideas in such a way that it appeals to our physical senses
irony
a contrast between expectation and reality - between what is said and what is meant, between what is expected and what really happens
metaphor
a figure of speech that makes a comparison between two seemingly unlike things
simile
a figure of speech that makes a comparison between two seemingly unlike things by using a connective word such as “like” or “as”
setting
the time and place in which the action occurs in the story
symbolism
a person, place, thing, or event that stands both for itself and for something beyond itself (heart = love)
tone
the attitude the writer takes towards the reader, a subject, or a character
point of view
how the narrator plays a role in what reades see and hear in the story (1st person, 2nd person, 3rd person, 3rd person omniscient)
1st person
the narrator is a person in the story, telling the story from their own point of view (I, we)
2nd person
the narrator is talking to the reader directly (you)
3rd person
the narrator is talking about the characters (he, she, they)
3rd person omniscient
the narrator knows all the thoughts, actions, and feelings of all characters (all knowing)
denotation
literal definition of the word
connotation
thoughts, feelings, emotions associated with a word
structure
how information is organized (cause/ effect, problem/solution, sequence, description, compare/contrast)
