The Era of Reconstruction, 1865-1877

These flashcards cover key concepts, events, and figures from the Reconstruction Era between 1865-1877.

What was the 10% Plan proposed by Lincoln in 1863?

It allowed Southern states to reinstate themselves if 10% of voters from the 1860 election took a loyalty oath.

Who led the Ultra Radicals in Congress during Reconstruction?

Senator Charles Sumner.

What did the Wade-Davis Bill require for Southern states?

A majority of white males in a state to take a loyalty oath before a constitutional convention could be held.

What was the 13th Amendment?

It abolished slavery in the United States.

What was the purpose of the Freedman’s Bureau established in 1865?

To provide assistance to freed slaves and poor whites in the South.

What significant event happened on April 14, 1865?

Abraham Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth.

Who took over the presidency after Lincoln's assassination?

Andrew Johnson.

What was Johnson's approach to Reconstruction?

He imposed lenient terms for reintegrating Southern states without Congressional approval.

What was the Civil Rights Act of 1866?

It declared blacks to be citizens and outlined their civil rights.

What did the 14th Amendment establish?

It defined citizenship broadly and aimed to protect the rights of former slaves.

What was the primary concern of the Radical Republicans?

To ensure civil rights and political equality for freed slaves.

What did the Reconstruction Acts of 1867 do?

Divided the South into military districts and established conditions for rejoining the Union.

What was the main goal of the Force Acts?

To combat the violence of the Ku Klux Klan and protect the rights of black citizens.

What system replaced the labor of former enslaved people following the Civil War?

Sharecropping.

What was the significance of the 15th Amendment?

It prohibited denying the right to vote based on race, color, or previous conditions of servitude.

Which political party emerged as a response to the corruption during Grant's presidency?

The Liberal Republican Party.

What was the outcome of the contested Election of 1876?

Rutherford B. Hayes was declared the winner through a controversial electoral commission.

What did the Compromise of 1877 signify for Reconstruction?

It marked the end of Reconstruction as federal troops were withdrawn from the South.

Which Supreme Court case established the 'separate but equal' doctrine?

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896).

What factors contributed to the failure of Reconstruction?

Lack of permanent civil rights, Northern disengagement, and Southern resistance to change.