The Cardiovascular System

Health Science: Anatomy and Physiology

Function of the cardiovascular system

\-Supplies nutrients and oxygen to the body

\-removes metabolic waste and carbon dioxide from cells

\-distributes hormones and antibiotes

veins

blood vessels that carries blood back to the heart

Aortic valve

The valve located between the left ventricle and the aorta

Myocardium

the muscular middle layer of the heart

Pericardium

the double layer membrane on the outside of the heart

arteries

the blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart

septum

muscular wall that separates the heart into a right and left side

ventricles

the lower chamber of heart

endocardium

the smooth layer of cells lining the inside of the heart

pulmonary valve

valve between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery

atrium

the upper chamber of the heart

Red blood cells

blood cell that carries oxygen and carbon dioxide

diastole

brief period of rest in the heart

Mitral valve

the valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle

systole

the period of ventricular contraction in the heart

blood vessels

the tissue that flows through the circulatory system

capillaries

blood vessels that connect arterioles with venules

Aorta

the largest artery in the body

Inferior and Superior vena cava

two of the largest veins in the body

Arterioles

smallest branches of arteries

Venules

smallest branches of veins

Tricuspid

valve located between the right atrium and right ventricle

Right atrium

receives deoxygenated blood from the vena cava

pulmonary circulation

the flow of blood between the heaty and lungs

systemic cirrculation

the flow of blood between the heart and the cells of the body

Right side deoxygenated | Left side oxygenated

Step 1 of blood flow through the heart

venous returns to the right atrium

Step 2 of blood flow through the heart

venous flow arrives in the right ventricle

Step 3 of blood flow through the heart

Venous blood is sent in the lungs through the pulmonary artery

Step 4 of blood flow through the heart

After oxygenation in the lungs, the blood returns to the left atrium

Step 5 of blood flow through the heart

Red blood arrives in the left ventricle

Step 6 (last step) of blood flow through the heart

Red blood is sent in the arteries to the tissues in the aortic valve

The sinus node generates an electrical impulse

true

the cardiac cycle represents one complete heart beat

true

relaxation events are referred to as diastole

true

The fiber group stimulates only the right ventricle

false

What is the main artery in the body?

Aorta superior

How many liters of blood are circulating through the average body

4\.5 liters

what are the liquid and solid parts of blood?

formed elements and plasma

What is the function of red blood cells?

produces in red marrow of bones, lives for 120 days, they are formed in the liver and spleen removing dead re3d blood cells

Function of the hemoglobin

removes carbon dioxide and picks up oxygen connected to red blood cells

What is the function of white blood cells?

fights disease and infections by phagocytosis

What is the function of platelets?

They stop bleeding Thrombocytes lack nuclei and vary in shape and size, they’re formed in the bone marrow and live 5-9 days,

What percentage of whole blood is plasma? How much of blood is made up of water? What is the rest of plasma made up?

Bloodm is 55% plasma

Plasma itself is 90% water

What are the four blood types?

A,B,AB,O

A Blood type

Only A molecules

B Blood type

Only B molecules

A and B blood type

A and B molecules

O blood type

Neither A and B molecules

Rh Factor

A type of substance that causes the body to produce antibodies

Blood type (+)

Has antibodies

Universal Donor

Type O-

Universal recipient

Type AB+