CBU BIO205 Microbiology Park Quiz 1

microscopy

discovery of the very small

Robert Hooke

published micrographia in 1665

Anton con Leeuwenhoek

skilled in grinding lenses that allowed him to see in x200 & described "animalcules" in a specimen of a lake water

What are microorganisms?

naked to human eye, can be fungus, bacteria, virus, & archea

1600's vitalists thought...

life generated spontaneously from decaying materials

Leeuwenhoek's belief

BELIEVED IN SPONTANEOUS GENERATION

maggots arose from eggs in the decaying material, not from the material itself

Francesco Redi belief

if flies were prevented from landing on meat, it didn't produce maggtos

Francesco Redi's experiment

2 mason jars, one covered = no maggots

Louis Pasteur discredited what & how

discredited the idea of spontaneous generation theory with the swan neck flask

Who did the swan neck flask experiment

Louis Pasteur

vax's prevent what?

infection disease

In 1796 Edward Jenner

figured out first small pox vaccine

discovered process of vaccination

discovered disease could be prevented through vax w a smaller milder disease causing agent

which came first variolation or vaccination

variolation

variolation started in, & caused

in China 14C

18C Europeans

& BAD reactions

vaccines were developed from

cowpox, better reaction & more immunity

inoculated is another word for

vaccination

1700's ppl thought disease resulted from?

Miasma- bad quality/rotting stuff in environment/air

late 1800's careful scientific inquiry into nature of disease gave right to?

EPIDEMIOLOGY

Epidemiology definition

study of source/cause or mode of transmission of disease

1854 John Snow did what

determined cause of cholera transmission in London

How did John Snow stop the cholera epidemic in London?

removed the handle of the communal water pump & started the sanitary movement

1861 Ignaz Sommelweis determined source of what

puerperal fever or blood poisoning in women during childbirth & kids

How did Ignaz Sommelweis fix the issue?

compared 2 hospitals, encouraged his students to wash hands & fixed the issue

why did ppl wear beak mask/coats?

protect from black plague (specifically the miasma belief)

Louis Pasteur proposed what

that germs cause infectious disease

What did Pasteur prove? (yeast)

that yeast is responsible for fermentation

Who created germ theory & made rabies vax

Pasteur

What did Pasteur do with pasteurization?

It was his technique in heating to kill pathogens

Two most important microbiologists?

Pasteur & Koch

Joseph Lister developed?

practice of antisepsis (chemical disinfection of external living surfaces)

Who used carbolic acid?

Lister, he used the spray during surgery & wounds healed without infection

Who tested on dead animals?

Robert Koch

Robert Koch discovered?

anthrax & tuberculosis & cholera

What did Robert Koch formalize?

standards to equate germs with infection disease

Koch's postulates became criteria for

linking a specific organism to a specific disease

Who developed pure culture techniques?

Koch

Petri dishes + Koch explanation

by adding gelatin to his broth he grew bacterial colonies in a petri dish, but the gelatin liquified at warm temps & digested by bacteria

When & who came up with the agar solution?

1880 Fanny Hesse

bacteriology

the study of bacterial organisms

1873 hansen

leprosy

1886 klebs

diphtheria

1886 fraenkel

pneumonia

1892 welch & nutall

gas gangrene

1898 shiga

dysentery

1906 bordet & gengou

whooping cough/pertussis

1890/ ivanosky & beijerinick

early observation of filterable viruses, tobacco mosaic disease caused by virus

1898 hoof & mouth disease

discovered to be caused by a virus

1901 walter reed

filterable virus causes yellow fever in humans