Figurative Language + Diction + Forms of Poetry

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Figurative Language

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23 Terms

1

Figurative Language

language devices not meant to be taken literally

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2

Simile

an explicit comparison of two things using like or as

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3

Metaphor

an implicit comparison of two things that are essentially dissimilar

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4

Personification

the giving of human qualities to non-human things

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5

Hyperbole

an exaggerated statement or claim not meant to be taken literally— often done for humorous effect

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6

Metonymy

when the name of one thing is substituted for another with which it is closely associated. Ex: “The crown spoke with authority about the growing crisis.” ‘Crown’ is not literally a crown but is meant to represent a king or queen.

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7

Conceit

a figure of speech in which two vastly different objects are likened together with the help of similies or metaphors. Develops a comparison which is exceedingly unlikely but is, nonetheless, intellectually imaginative. Comparison → _______ when the writer tries to make us admit a similarity between two things of whose unlikeness we are strongly conscious and for this reason, conceits are often surprising. (novel comparisons)

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8

Diction

word choice

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9

Formal

usage common in serious books and lofty discourse

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10

Informal

level of usage found in relaxed but polite and cultivated conversation

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11

Colloquial

usage that is not formal or literary; typically use in ordinary or familiar conversation

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12

Slang

newly coined words not yet generally accepted as part of standard usage

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13

Dialect

a regional speech pattern

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14

Aubade

a song or poem appropriate to or greeting the dawn

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15

Ballad

any light, simple song, especially one of sentimental or romantic character, having two or more stanzas all sung to the same melody

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16

Didactic

a poem containing a political or moral message to which aesthetic considerations are subordinated

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17

Dramatic

poetry in which one or more characters speak. Involved the technique of drama + tells a story

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18

Elegy

a mournful, melancholy, or plaintive poem, especially a funeral song or a lament for the dead

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19

Epic

a long, narrative poem telling of a hero’s deeds, written in a formal style and with elevated language

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20

Limerick

a kind of humorous verse of 5 lines, in which the 1st, 2nd, and 5th lines rhyme with each other, and the 3rd and 4th lines, which are shorter, form a rhymed couplet

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21

Lyric

having the form and musical quality of a song, and especially the character of a song-like outpouring of the poet’s own feelings and thoughts

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22

Ode

a lyrical poem, typically addressed to a particular subject, with lines of varying lengths and complex rhythms

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23

Sonnet

a poem, properly expressive of a single, complete thought, idea, or sentiment, of 14 lines, usually in iambic pentameter

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