Brain Functions

Cerebrum

The largest part of the brain; responsible for higher thinking, interpreting senses, thinking, and memory.

Cerebellum

Controls balance and coordination; helps perform complex muscle activities like hopping on one foot while patting your head, or tracking moving objects with your eyes.

Thalamus

Relay center between neurons, like an old switchboard for phone lines.

Pineal Gland

Controls circadian rhythms, or 24-hour sleep/wake cycles.

Hypothalamus

Produces hormones sent to the pituitary gland; regulates internal thermostat, thirst center, and hunger (satiety) center.

Pituitary Gland

Master endocrine gland; releases hormones that control other endocrine glands like the thyroid, adrenal glands, ovaries, and testes. Releases oxytocin (triggers childbirth) and human growth hormone.

Pons (Brain Stem)

Swollen area anterior to upper medulla; helps control breathing.

Medulla Oblongata – Respiratory Center

Contains respiratory control center.

Medulla Oblongata – Cardiac Center

Contains cardiac control center that modifies heart rate (basic heart rate is from SA Node in heart acting as pacemaker).

Medulla Oblongata – Blood Vessel Control

Controls blood vessel diameter (regulates blood pressure).

Medulla Oblongata – Vomiting Center

Contains vomiting center that, when triggered, causes nausea and vomiting.