Budris AP GOPO Unit 1 Group B Federalism

Federalism

A system in which authority is shared between the national and state governments.

Dual Federalism

The idea that each level of government is supreme in its own area, with states regulating intrastate commerce and the federal government regulating interstate commerce.

Supremacy Clause

The part of the Constitution that stated the Constitution, and the Federal government that it establishes, is the Supreme law of the land.

10th Amendment

The part of the Constitution that stipulates that powers not delegated to the United States are reserved to the states.

Commerce clause

The section of the Constitution that says that the Federal government can regulate business that is conducted across state lines.

Devolution

An effort to shift responsibility for a wide range of domestic programs from the federal government to the states.

2nd/3rd Order Devolution

An effort to shift responsibility from the state governments to local governments, or from local governments to non-government agencies.

McCulloch v. Maryland

Supreme Court decision that allows the federal government to create a national bank using the elastic clause.

Delegated Powers

Powers held by the Federal government.

Reserved Powers

Powers held exclusively by state governments.

Concurrent Powers

Powers held by both the Federal and State governments.

Police Powers

Power of the state to enforce health, safety and morals.

Necessary and Proper Clause

The Constitutional phrase used to describe powers that are implied, rather than specifically granted. Allows the government to adjust to unforeseen challenges.

US v. Lopez

Supreme Court case that rejected the use of the Commerce Clause to justify a federal ban on guns in school.

Federal Mandate

Federal rules that states must follow, whether they receive federal money or not.

Unfunded Mandates

Federal rules that must be followed by states, but offer no monetary compensation.

Conditions in Aid

Federal rules that states must follow if they agree to accept federal money.

Categorical Grant

A federal grant for a specific purpose, often with many conditions set by the federal government.

Block Grant

A federal grant that can be used for a variety of purposes within one broad area.

Revenue sharing

A federal grant that comes to the states with no conditions and no requirements.