Q1 ES lesson 1.2 Branches of Earth Science

Earth Science

The study of Earth and the universe around it

geology, oceanography, metereology, astronomy

What are the basic areas of Earth Science?

geology

study of earth's surface

oceanography

study of earth's ocean

meteorology

the study of planets, stars, and other objects in the universe

palaeontology

the study of fossils and fossil remains

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research acronym

scientific knowledge

information obtained by following a step-by-step procedure for gathering evidence

scientific method

a method used by scientists that starts with observation, formulation of question and hypothesis, testing the said hypothesis by experimentation, collection of data from the experiment, and creating a conclusion.

hypothesis

a temporary explanation or answer to the question

inference

another word for hypothesis

observe, question, research, hypothesize, experiment, test hypothesis, draw conclusions, report

steps of the scientific method

independent, dependent,

four parts

observe - make observations

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question - ask a question or identify a problem

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research - search for existing answers or solutions

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experimental design

components of an experiment are called…

independent variable

variable that is changed or manipulated in the experiment

dependent variable

variable that responds to the changes in the independent variable

constant

component that remains the same throughout the experiment

control

component that remains the same and serves as the baseline information

scientific facts

statements that are accepted as being true since they have been repeatedly proven

scientific law

a statement that describes an observed phenomenon

scientific theory

a verified explanation of a complex idea or natural phenomena