RBT Study Guide

Functions of Behavior

The functions of behavior refer to the underlying reasons or purposes that a behavior serves for an individual. In behavior analysis, behaviors are often categorized into four main functions

Teaching Strategies

Teaching strategies are systematic approaches or methods used to facilitate learning and help individuals acquire new skills or knowledge. They are designed to be effective in promoting understanding, retention, and application of the material being taught

Prompts

prompts are cues or hints provided to help an individual perform a specific behavior or complete a task. They are used to guide learners towards the correct response or action when they are struggling or need additional support. Prompts can vary in form and intensity

Dimensions of ABA

refer to the key aspects or features that define and measure behavior and its intervention. These dimensions help in understanding and analyzing behavior comprehensively

SD Discriminative Stimulus

SD stands for Discriminative Stimulus. A discriminative stimulus is a specific cue or signal that indicates that a particular behavior will be reinforced. It sets the occasion for a behavior to occur because it predicts the availability of reinforcement following the behavior.

Sdelta

stands for Stimulus Delta. An SΔ is a stimulus or signal that indicates that a particular behavior will not be reinforced. It serves as a cue that the behavior will likely not result in a desirable outcome, or that reinforcement is not available in the presence of that stimulus.

SR Reinforcing Stimulus

SR stands for Reinforcing Stimulus or simply Reinforcer. An SR is any stimulus, event, or condition that follows a behavior and increases the likelihood that the behavior will occur again in the future. It is a key concept in behavior analysis, as reinforcement is central to shaping and maintaining behaviors.

VR Variable Ratio

VR stands for Variable Ratio schedule of reinforcement. A Variable Ratio schedule is a type of intermittent reinforcement schedule where reinforcement is provided after an unpredictable number of responses. The number of responses required for reinforcement varies, but it averages out to a specific number over time.

Reinforcement Schedule

Reinforcement schedules are systematic plans that outline how and when reinforcements are given following a specific behavior. These schedules play a crucial role in shaping, maintaining, and modifying behavior over time.

Chaining

Breaking a task into steps and teaching each step.

Shaping

Reinforcing successive approximations to a desired behavior.

Prompting

Assisting the learner to complete a behavior.

Reinforcing

Providing rewards to increase desired behaviors.

Foward chaining

Teaching steps of a task from the beginning to the end.

Backward Chaining

Teaching steps of a task from the end to the beginning.

Prompting Strategies

Prompting strategies are techniques used to guide or assist individuals in performing a desired behavior or task. These strategies help individuals learn new skills by providing varying levels of support, which can be gradually faded as the individual becomes more independent. Prompting is often used in teaching, behavior therapy, and skill acquisition programs.

Behavioral Terms

Behavioral terms are the specific vocabulary used in Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) and behavior modification to describe various concepts, processes, and techniques. Understanding these terms is essential for professionals in the field as well as anyone working on behavior change programs

Schedules of Reinforcement

refer to the specific rules that determine how and when a response will be followed by a reinforcer. These schedules play a crucial role in shaping and maintaining behavior, and they can vary significantly in terms of how frequently reinforcement is provided.

Behavior Analysis Components

Behavior Analysis, particularly Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), is a scientific approach to understanding behavior and how it is affected by the environment. It involves systematically applying interventions to improve socially significant behaviors. The components of behavior analysis include various principles, methods, and concepts that guide the practice

Motivating Operations

are environmental events or conditions that influence the effectiveness of a reinforcer or punisher and the likelihood of behaviors that have been reinforced or punished by those consequences. MOs play a crucial role in understanding and modifying behavior because they affect the motivation to engage in certain behaviors.

Measurement Dimensions

Measurement dimensions in behavior analysis refer to the different ways that behavior can be quantified and analyzed. These dimensions provide various ways to measure and assess behavior, helping practitioners to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions and understand behavior patterns.

RBT Roles

The RBT implements the treatment plan as directed no matter what.The RBT contributes ideas and input about the shared client.

Behavior Analysis Techniques

Behavior analysis techniques are methods used to understand, modify, and improve behavior based on the principles of Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA). These techniques are grounded in the scientific study of behavior and the application of behavioral principles to achieve specific goals.

Data representation

Data representation in behavior analysis involves the methods and formats used to visually and systematically display data on behavior. Effective data representation is crucial for analyzing, interpreting, and making decisions about behavior and interventions.

Differential Reinforcement

is a behavior modification technique in which reinforcement is given for one type of behavior while withholding reinforcement for other, less desirable behaviors. This approach helps increase the likelihood of the desired behavior while reducing the occurrence of undesired behaviors. Differential reinforcement involves several specific strategies, each targeting different aspects of behavior.

Attention is a Function of Behavior

Seeking interaction or recognition.

Escape/Avoidance is a function of behavior

Avoiding a task or situation.

Access to Tangibles is a function of behavior

Gaining access to items or activities.

Sensory Stimulation is a function of behavior

Self-stimulation or sensory feedback.

Physical Prompt

Physically guiding the learner.

Verbal Prompt

Providing verbal instructions or cues.

Visual Prompt

Using visual aids or cues.

Gestural Prompt

Using gestures to guide the learner.

Dimensions of ABA IRT (Inter-Response Time)

The time between consecutive responses

Dimensions of ABA Frequency

The number of occurrences of a behavior.

Dimensions of ABA Duration

The length of time a behavior occurs

Dimensions of ABA Latency

The time between the SD and the response

FI-2 (Fixed Interval 2) Reinforcement Schedules

Reinforcement is provided after a fixed period.

FR-2 (Fixed Ratio 2)Reinforcement Schedules

Reinforcement is provided after a fixed number of responses.

VI-2 (Variable Interval 2)Reinforcement Schedules

Reinforcement is provided after varying intervals.

VR-2 (Variable Ratio 2) Reinforcement Schedules

Reinforcement is provided after varying numbers of responses.

Least to Most Prompting -Prompting Strategies

Starting with minimal assistance and increasing as needed.

Most to Least Prompting -Prompting Strategies

Starting with more assistance and reducing as the learner gains proficiency.

Intraverbal-Behavioral Terms

Verbal behavior evoked by another verbal behavior.

Echoic-Behavioral Terms

Verbal behavior that involves repeating what was heard.

Autoclitic-Behavioral Terms

Verbal behavior that modifies the meaning of other verbal behavior

Tact-Behavioral Terms

Verbal behavior that involves labeling or identifying objects or events.

Positive-Schedules of Reinforcement

Adding a stimulus to increase behavior.

Negative-Schedules of Reinforcement

Removing a stimulus to increase behavior

Continuous-Schedules of Reinforcement

Reinforcing every occurrence of a behavior

Discontinuous-Schedules of Reinforcement

Reinforcing only some occurrences of the behavior.

Antecedent-Behavior Analysis Components

What happens before the behavior.

Response-Behavior Analysis Components

The behavior itself.

Behavior-Behavior Analysis Components

The specific action or behavior being observed.

Consequence-Behavior Analysis Components

What happens after the behavior.

Abolishing Operation-Motivating Operations

Establishing Operation-Motivating Operations

Motivating Operation

Affects the value of a reinforcer and the likelihood of a behavior.

Discrete Trial-Behavior Analysis Techniques

Teaching in a structured way with clear beginnings and endings.

Forward Chaining-Behavior Analysis Techniques

Teaching steps from start to finish.

Stimulus Control-Behavior Analysis Techniques

Controlling behavior through specific cues.

Task Analysis-Behavior Analysis Techniques

Breaking down a complex task into smaller, teachable steps.

Line Graph-Data Representation

Shows data points over time.

Pie Chart-Data Representation

Shows proportions of a whole.

Histogram-Data Representation

Shows frequency distribution.

Scatter Plot-Data Representation

Shows relationships between variables

DRA (Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior)

Reinforcing an alternative behavior.

. DRI (Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible Behavior)

Reinforcing a behavior that is incompatible with the undesired behavior.