Chapter 1

I roman numeral value

I roman numeral value

stands for one

V roman numeral value

stands for five

X roman numeral value

stands for ten

L roman numeral value

stants for fifty

C roman numeral value

stands for one hundred

D roman numeral value

stands for five hundred

M roman numeral value

stands for one thousand

I roman numeral arabic value

1

II roman numeral arabic value

2

III roman numeral arabic value

3

IV roman numeral arabic value

4

V roman numeral arabic value

5

VI roman numeral arabic value

6

VII roman numeral arabic value

7

VIII roman numeral arabic value

8

IX roman numeral arabic value

9

X roman numeral arabic value

10

XIX roman numeral arabic value

19

XX roman numeral arabic value

20

XXII roman numeral arabic value

22

XXIV roman numeral arabic value

24

XXVIII roman numeral arabic value

28

XXX roman numeral arabic value

30

XXXII roman numeral arabic value

32

XXXIII roman numeral arabic value

33

XXXIV roman numeral arabic value

34

XL roman numeral arabic value

40

XLIII roman numeral arabic value

43

XLIV roman numeral arabic value

44

L roman numeral arabic value

50

LX roman numeral arabic value

60

LXX roman numeral arabic value

70

LXXX roman numeral arabic value

80

XC roman numeral arabic value

90

C roman numeral arabic value

100

D roman numeral arabic value

500

M roman numeral arabic value

1,000

what is the mean in A:B=C:D

B and C

what is the extreme in A:B=C:D

A and D

Antibiotic

A substance that harms or kills micro organisms, like bacteria and fungi

Antitoxin

A substance that acts against a toxin in the body

Data

Information that is entered into and stored in a computer system

Hormones

Chemicals produced by the body that regulate body functions in processes

Human genome

The complete set of genetic material contained in a human cell

Materia medica

Generally pharmacology but also refers to the drugs in use

Panacea

A cure all

Pharmaceutics

Of or about drugs also a drug product

Pharmacology

The study of drugs

Synthetic

Combining simpler chemicals into more complex ones, creating a new chemical not found in nature

The first physician known by name was

Imhotep

Hippocrates approach to medicine was based on

Careful observation

The ancient Greek goddess of medicinal herbs was

Panacea

Aspirin is made from salicylic acid from the bark of the

White willow tree

What was the first effective local Anesthetic

Cocaine

The pharmaceutical manufacturing industry devote about… Of its income to research and development

1/6

What protects against illegal? Copying of new discoveries

Patenting

The FDA is required to

Monitor a drug for any adverse effects

The length of time, from the beginning of development of a new drug to the FDA approval is often more than

Ten years

Who showed that heat can be used to kill microorganism is associated with food spoilage

Pasteur

Who discovered penicillin can kill some bacteria

Fleming

The area of greatest employment for pharmacists is

Community pharmacies

to become a pharmacist in the United States…

An individual must graduate from an accredited college of pharmacy, pass a licensing exam and perform experiential training working under a licensed pharmacist

Medicare modernization act (MMA) expanded the role of the pharmacist to

MTM services

Pharmacy computer systems generally offer

Labeling, pricing, prescriber profile

Another name for aspirin is

Acetylsalicylic acid

Digitalis is used to treat

Heart disease

Progesterone is used for

Birth control

Penicillin is

An antibiotic

Insulin lowers

Blood sugar

Gardasil is

A vaccine

Another name for procaine Is

Novocain

The law that requires pharmacist to provide counseling services to Medicaid patients is the

Omnibus budget reconciliation act

MTM services are associated with which law

Medicare modernization act (MMA)

sumerians living between the tigris and euphrates rivers around 4,000 B.C. believed that…..

demons were the cause of illness

in many cultures physicians were…

priests and sometimes considered gods or demigods

when and where was the active ingredient in the willow bark derived by chemists

1800s in the mediterranean

what was the deadliest disease in the world

malaria

what was the treatment for malaria

quinine made from the bark of the peruvian cinchona tree

what was the name for the treatment of malaria

jesuit’s powder

the indians of andes chewed…

coco leaves for their medicinal effects which included increased endurance

what year was cocaine shown to be the first effective local anesthetic

1884

who discovered that cocaine was an effective local anesthetic

carl koller, a vietnamese surgeon

how many natural medications derived from plants did ancient Sumerians use

about 250, many of which are still used in present time

what year did the chinese emperor Shen Nung begin eating plants and other natural materials to determine which were poisonous and which were beneficial

around 3,000 B.C.

who was the first known practitioner of trial and error drug testing

chinese emperor Shen Nung

how many herbs did chinese emperor Shen Nung establish that could be used in health treatments and herbal medicine

365

true or false: herbal medicine remains a major component of chinese medicine today

true

in what year did the indian physician Charaka write the Charaka Samhita

100 A.D.

how many herbal drugs were described in the Charaka Samhita

over 500 herbal drugs, these have also been known and used in India for many centuries

who was the greatest Islamic physician

Avicenna

What caused Avicenna to become the greatest Islamic physician

wrote a five volume encyclopedia, one volume of which devoted to natural medications and another to compounding drugs from individual medications

in what year did the Indians of Mexico have a well established pharmacology

by 1500, they had more than 1,200 drugs which was clearly a result of hundreds of years of medical practice

which plant became popular in Europe for kidney and bladder alignments

the sarsaparilla

what year did the British physician William Withering publish his study

1785

what is British physicians William Withering’s study

the foxglove plant and the drug it contained, digitalis

foxglove had been used since ancient times in various remedies but…

Withering described a process for creating the drug from the dried leaves of the plant and established a dosage approach

what year was the hormone progesterone created

1943

who discovered the hormone progesterone

Russell Marker

progesterone….

was the first reliable birth control from a species of Mexican yam

what year did Alexander Fleming discover a fungus that produced a chemical that kills bacteria

1928