Cell structure and Cell size - Biology

Focuses on cell structures and their functions

Cytology

Cytology

Study of cell structure

Physiology

Functions of the cells

Cell Theory

• Living things are made up of cells

• Cells are the smallest working unit of living things

• All cells are from pre-existing cells through cell division

Cell

Smallest unit capable of performing life functions

What are some examples of cells?

• Ameoba proteus

• Bacteria

• Nerve

• Plant stem

• Blood

What are the two types of cells?

• Prokaryotic - simple cells e.g. bacteria

• Eukaryotic - complex cells e.g human and plant

Prokaryotic cells

• Free flowing structures

• Few internal structures

• Once celled organisms

Components of Prokaryotic Cells

• Cell wall/membrane

• Capsule

• Flagella

• Nucleoid

• Ribosomes

Eukaryotic cells

• Contain organelles

• Found in most living organisms

• Plant and Animal cells

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

Animal Cell Components

• Plasma cell membrane

• Endoplasmic Reticulum (Smooth and Rough)

• Nucleus

• Golgi

• Ribosomes

• Lysosomes

• Mitochondrion

• Cytoplasm

Plant Cell Components

• Golgi

• Endoplasmic Reticulum (Smooth and Rough)

• Nucleus/Nucleoulus

• Large central vacuole

• Mitochondrion

• Cytoplasm

• Chloroplast

Cell Membrane

• An outer membrane that controls movement in and out of the cell

  • It is made of a phospholipid bi-layer

Cell wall

• Supports the shape of cells and protects cells

  • Commonly found in plant and bacteria cells

Nucelus

• An organelle that contains genetic material e.g. SNA and directs cell activities

Nucelar membrane

• Surrounds the nucleus and opens to allow material to enter and leave the nucleus

  • Also made of two layers

Chromosomes

• Genetic material loacted in the nucleus that contain