Dutch Golden Age Portrait

Dutch painting is for a different set of people - Spanish portraits are for royalty, and Dutch portraits are for the

bourgeoise

Dutch Republic

maritime trade, very wealthy. Protestant Republic, breaks away from Spain in 1581

this recognizes the Dutch Republic

Peace of Munster, 1648

tronie

Dutch character studies, ‘face’ or ‘expression.’ Focus on facial expressions, psychological state, or costumes to portray archetypes as opposed to identity, wildly different from a portrait of kings.

Frans Hals was associated with this because he painted it so frequently

drinking

Hals was known for

strange genre paintings

Young Man and Woman at an Inn, 1623

allegories about virtue and vice. Meant to judge them for being drunken

Sumptuary Laws

controlling clothes, banning fabrics

Officers and Sergeants of the St. Hadrian Civic Guard Company

1633

clearly posing, but not at attention. Talking, leaning - effort to look effortless. Individualized portraits.

regent class

highest Dutch social group of brewers, silk and wool merchants, professions requiring degrees

Group paintings are very specific, so you

pay for inclusion and positioning

Self-Portrait

Judith Leyster, 1630

open expression, similar to the merry-making she’s painting, for which she’s making a name

relaxed position but ornately dressed - combining just painting with posing

juxtaposition of painting as a gentlelady

the fiddler comes from another one of her paintings

Rembrandt is born to an

affluent middle class family

he has over

100 self portraits

Self Portrait, 1629

very detailed curls in the hair, possibly with the other side of the brush. Shadow obscures facial features. Muted compared to Caravaggio’s strikingness. Very small. Unruly - unshaven, simple garments, not idealized attractiveness

Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp

1632, portrait of the surgeons’ guild. No blood - this about anatomy, or science and God? Focus on the hands. 3/4, frontal - all kinds of portraits.

Nightwatch

Massive. 1642. Monument of Dutch culture. Lots of allegorical things that are fantastical, but it’s a real scene. Weapons to fill numbers.

role portrait

not just about paying for a spot. Where they are equals their roles

young girl with chicken

allegory for the company’s symbol -a talon

different muskets show

different stages of using it

a focal point of the painting

hands