Chapter 19- The Heart (quick study)

what part of the heart is our blood sent to lungs through

pulmonary trunk

what is the outer wall of the pericardium called

parietal pericardium

what is the space inside pericardial sac filled with fluid called

pericardial cavity

which LCA supplies blood to ventricles

anterior interventricular branch

which LCA branch supplies left atrium and left ventricle with blood

circumflex branch

which RCA branch supplies right atrium with blood

right marginal branch

which banch of RCA supplies posterior walls of ventricles

posterior interventricular branch

what is the fancy word for blood clot in connection to MI

atheroma

what do painless heart attacks lead to

fibrillation and cardiac arrest

what hold neighboring cells together

desmosomes

what are the two cardiac muscle metabolism mechanisms

aerobic respiration and fatigue resistant

fancy dame for contraction of heartbeat

systole

what is the electrical gateway to ventricles

AV node

what is the cardiac conduction system pathway (thing hamilton song was made up with)

o SA node fires

o Excitation spreads through atrial myocardium

o AV node fires

o Excitation spreads down AV bundle

o Purkinje fibers distribute excitation through ventricular myocardium

what is the range for a normal sinus rhythm (heartbeat)

60-100 bpm

what is it called when another part of heart spontaneously fires before SA node

ectopic focus

what takes over if SA node is damaged

nodal rhythm

what takes over if SA and AVs are not working

intrinsic ventricular rhythm

what is the rate stat at for nodal rhythm

40-50bpm

what is the rate set at for intrinsic ventricular rhythm

20-40bpm

what is the slow inflow of Na+ without compensating outflow

pacemaker potential

what is the path of a pacemaker

fires regularly

gradual depolarization

faster depolarization

repolarization

where does the impulse signal get delayed in the conduction

AV node

what is the P wave of EKG

SA node fires

what is the ST segment of EKG

ventricular systole

what is the T wave of EKG

repolarization of ventricles

what is any abnormal cardiac rhythm called

cardiac arrhythmia

what is cause of S1

AV valve closure

who do you hear S3 in

children and adolescents

what are the phases of cardiac cycle

ventricular filling

isovolumetric contraction

ventricular ejection

isovolumetric relaxation

what happens during isometric volume contraction

QRS complex

what happens during ventricular ejection

ST and T wave phases

how long is the total duration of cardiac cycle

0.8 second

what must be changed to change Cardiac output

Heart rate or Stroke volume

what is the formula for cardiac output

CO=HRxSV

what do proprioceptors do

inform cardiac center about changes in activity

what is the amount of blood ejected from ventricles called

stroke volume

what is the amount of tension in ventricles before contraction called

preload

what is the sum of all toxins that the ventricles must overcome to eject blood called

afterload

difference between person's max and resting cardiac output

cardiac reserve

what circuit is the right side of the heart connected to

pulmonary circuit

what is the goal of the left side of the heart

pump oxygenated blood to organs

the pathway that transports oxygen-rich blood from the left ventricle of the heart to all body tissues

systemic circuit

ransports deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation and returns oxygenated blood to the heart

pulmonary circuit

where is the heart located

mediastinum

what is the wall of the pericardium that covers the heart surface

visceral pericardium

what is the visceral pericardium also called

epicardium

what is the Smooth inner lining of heart and blood vessels called

endocardium

what is the layer of the heart that contains striated cardiac muscle cells

myocardium

what valve controls flow between atria and ventricles

atrioventricular valves

name for right AV valve

tricuspid valve

name for left AV valve

bicuspid valve

what valves control flow into great arteries, open and close due to blood flow pressure

semilunar valves

what is another word for myocardial infraction

heart attack

what join cardiomyocytes end to end

intercalated discs

fancy name for relaxation of heartbeat

diastole

what initiates heartbeat and determines heart rate

SA node

what is the hearts pacemaker

SA node

what is the QRS complex of EKG

ventricular depolarization

what is the quiescent period

all 4 chambers relaxed

what causes fluid to flow

pressure gradient

which direction does fluid flow in gradient

high to low

what is cause of S2

closure of semilunar valves

what do cehmoreceptors do

sensitive to blood and oxygen levels

what do baroreceptors do

detect stretch caused by blood pressure changes

Still learning (65)

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