hardy-weinberg principle

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Biology

Evolution

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the hardy-weinberg principle states:

  • genetic equilibrium will be reached if the frequency of the alleles remains stable gen. after gen.

  • genetic equilibrium = no evolution occurring

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5 conditions to meet genetic equilibrium…

  1. no mutation occurs

  2. immigration & emigration do not occur (NO GENE FLOW)

  3. population is very large

  4. mating is totally random

  5. all individuals survive & reproduce equally (NO NATURAL SELECTION)

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why is genetic equilibrium impossible?

allele frequency do change in populations, therefore evolution occurs

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how is the hardy-weinberg principle used?

to calculate the allele & genotype frequency in a population

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how can the sum freq of genotypes be expressed?

p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1

  • p2 = freq of individuals homologous dominant

  • 2pq = freq of heterozygous individuals

  • q2 = freq of individuals homologous recessive