Sharp Injury

Sharp injury

refers to any injury or puncture to the skin involving a sharp instrument

BBV

may be transmitted through sharp injuries

HBV

1 in 3 probability of seroconverting

HCV

1 in 30 for seroconverting

HIV

1 in 300 probability of seroconverting

HIV for mucocutaneous splasing

1 in 1000 probability of seroconverting

Intact skin

creates a barrier to BBV transmission

Managing percutaneous sharps injuries

encourage puncture site to bleed by applying pressure

Managing splash to eyes

thoroughly wash eye with running water or eye wash solution (remove contact lens prior to washing eyes)

Managing splash exposure of oral mucous membranes

rinse vigorously with water and spit out

48-72 hours

time it takes before HIV can be detected in a regional lymph node

5 days

time it takes for HIV to be detected in the blood

Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP)

taking antiretroviral medicines (ART) before being potentially exposed to HIV to prevent becoming infected

Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP)

Taking antiretroviral medicines (ART) after being potentially exposed to HIV to prevent becoming infected

1-2 days

how long PEP should be initiated once there is exposure to HIV and Hepatitis B

RALTEGRAVIR (TRUVADA)

can be offered for 28 days

every 12 weeks

follow up for PEP

flu like ilness and skin rash

recipient is monitored for these symptoms of illness